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General Hospital And Clinic Info I > Chapter 3 - Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Vocabulary Flashcards

0
Q

Dorsal

A

The back

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1
Q

Ventral

A

Belly or underside of a body or body part

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2
Q

Cranial

A

Towards the head

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3
Q

Caudal

A

Towards the tail

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4
Q

Anterior

A

Front of the body

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5
Q

Posterior

A

Rear of the body

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6
Q

Rostral

rohs-trahl

A

Nose end of the head

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7
Q

Cephalic

A

Pertaining to the head

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8
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the tail

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9
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

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10
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

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11
Q

Superior

A

Uppermost, above, or toward the head

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12
Q

Inferior

A

Lowermost, below, or toward the tail

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13
Q

Proximal

A

Nearest to the midline or nearest to the beginning of a structure

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14
Q

Distal

A

Farthest from the midline or farthest from the beginning of a structure

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15
Q

Superficial

A

Near the surface

a.k.a. - External

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16
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface

a.k.a. - Internal

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17
Q

Palmar

A

Caudal surface of front paw

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18
Q

Plantar

A

Caudal surface of rear paw

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19
Q

Midsagittal Plane

mihd-sahdj-ih-tahl

A

Divides the body into equal right and left halves

a.k.a. - Median Plane & Midline

(Hot dog style!)

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20
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides the body into unequal left and right halves

Sideways hamburger bun!

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21
Q

Dorsal Plane

A

Divides the body into back and belly parts

Hamburger style!

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22
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of body structure

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23
Q

Physiology

A

Study of body functions

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24
Q

Pathology

A

Study of nature, causes, and development of abnormal conditions

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25
Q

Pathophysiology

A

Study of changes in function caused by disease

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26
Q

Etiology

A

Study of disease causes

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27
Q

Lingual Surface

A

The tooth surface that faces the toungue

**Commonly used for upper and lower jaw tooth. Correctly the lower tooth.

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28
Q

Palatal Surface

A

The tooth surface of the upper jaw that faces the toungue

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29
Q

Buccal Surface

buhk-ahl

A

The surface of the tooth that face the cheek

a.k.a. - Vestibular Surface

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30
Q

Occlusal Surfaces

A

The surface of the tooth that meet when an animal eats

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31
Q

Labial Surface

A

The tooth surface that faces the lips

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32
Q

Contact Surfaces

A

The surface of the tooth that touch other teeth.

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33
Q

Body Cavity

A

A hole or hollow space in the body that contains and protects internal organs

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34
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

The hollow space that contains the brain and skull

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35
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

The hollow space that contains the spinal cord

**Located in the spinal column

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36
Q

Thoracic/Chest Cavity

A

The hollow space that contains the heart and lungs

**Located in the ribs between the neck and diaphragm

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37
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

The hollow space that contains the major organs of digestion

**Located between the diaphragm and pelvic cavity.

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38
Q

Peritoneal Cavity

A

Hollow space in the abdominal cavity

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39
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

The hollow space that contains the reproductive and some excretory systems’ organs bounded by pelvic bones

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40
Q

Abdomen

A

Portion of the body between thorax and the pelvis containing the abdominal cavity

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41
Q

Thorax

A

Chest region located between the neck and diaphragm

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42
Q

Groin

A

The caudal region of the abdomen adjacent to the thigh

a.k.a.- Inguinal area

43
Q

Membranes

A

The thin layers of tissue that covers a surface, line a cavity, or divide a space or an organ

44
Q

Peritoneum

A

Membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities

45
Q

Parietal Peritoneum

A

The outer layer of peritoneum that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities

46
Q

Visceral Peritoneum

A

Inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the abdominal organs

47
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum

48
Q

Umbilicus

A

Pit in abdominal wall where the umbilical cord entered the fetus

a.k.a - Navel

49
Q

Mesentary

A

The layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine in the abdominal cavity

50
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Superficial to the peritoneum

51
Q

Recumbent

A

Laying down

52
Q

Dorsal Recumbency

A

Lying on the back

53
Q

Ventral Recumbency

A

Lying on the belly

54
Q

Sternal Recumbency

A

Lying on the back

55
Q

Left Lateral Recumbency

A

Lying on the left side

56
Q

Right Lateral Recumbency

A

Lying on the right side

57
Q

Prone

A

Lying in ventral or sternal recumbency

58
Q

Supine

A

Lying in dorsal recumbency

59
Q

Adduction

A

Movement towards the midline

60
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline

61
Q

Flexion

A

Closure of a joint angle, or reduction of the angle between two bones

62
Q

Extension

A

Straightening of a joint angle or an increase in the angle between two bones

63
Q

Hyperflexion

A

When a joint is flexed or extended too far

64
Q

Hyperextension

A

When a joint is flexed or extended too far

65
Q

Supination

A

The act of rotating the limb or body part so that the palmer surface is turned upward

66
Q

Pronation

A

The act of rotating the limb or body part so that the body part so that the palmar surface is turned downward

67
Q

Rotation

A

Circular movement around an axis

68
Q

Cytology

A

The study of cells

69
Q

Protoplasm

A

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus

70
Q

Cell Membrane

A

The structure lining the cell that protects the cell’s contents and regulates what goes in and out of cell

71
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The gelatinous material located in the cell membrane

72
Q

Nucleus

A

The structure in a cell that contains nucleoplasm, chromosomes, and the surrounding membrane

73
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

The material in the nucleus

74
Q

Chromosomes

A

The structures in the nucleus composed of DNA that transmits genetic information

75
Q

Genetic Disorder

A

Any inherited disease or condition caused by defective genes

76
Q

Congenital

A

Something that is present at birth

77
Q

Anomaly

A

A deviation from what is regarded as normal

78
Q

Tissue

A

A group of cells that are similar in structure and function

79
Q

Histology

A

The study of the structure, composition, and function of tissue

80
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Covers internal and external body surfaces and are made of tightly packed cells in a variety of arrangements

81
Q

Epithelium

A

Tissue that covers internal and external body surfaces and are made of tightly packed cells in a variety of arrangements

82
Q

Endothelium

A

Cellular covering that forms the lining of the internal organs, including blood vessels

83
Q

Mesothelium

A

The cellular covering that forms the lining of serous membranes such as peritoneum

84
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Adds support and structure to the body by holding the organs in place and binding the body parts together

85
Q

Adipose

A

Connective tissue known as fat

86
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Contains cell material with the ability to contract and relax

87
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Contains cells with special ability to react to stimuli and conduct electrical impulses

88
Q

Anaplasia

A

The change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other

89
Q

Alpasia

A

The lack of development of an organ or a tissue or a cell

90
Q

Dysplasia

A

Abnormal growth or development of an organ, tissue, or a cell

91
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Abnormal increase in the number or normal cells in normal arrangement in an organ or a tissue

92
Q

Hypoplasia

A

Incomplete or less than normal development of an organ, tissue, or cell

93
Q

Neoplasia

A

Abnormal new growth of tissue in which multiplication of cells is uncontrolled, more rapid than normal

94
Q

Tumor

A

Neoplasm usually form a distinct mass of tissue

95
Q

Benign

A

Not recurring

96
Q

Malignant

A

Tending to be spread and be life threatening

97
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease in size or complete wasting of an organ, tissue, or cell

98
Q

Dystrophy

A

Defective growth in the size of an organ, tissue, or cell

99
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in the size of an organ or tissue or cell

100
Q

Glands

A

Groups of specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body

101
Q

Exocrine Glands

A

Groups of cells that secrete their chemical substances into ducts that lead out of the body or to another organ

102
Q

Endocrine Glands

A

Groups of cells that secrete their chemical substances directly into the bloodstream

103
Q

Organ

A

Part of the body that performs a special function or functions

104
Q

Bicornuate Uterus

A

A uterus with two horns

105
Q

Unilateral

A

Pertaining to one side

106
Q

Bilateral

A

Pertaining to two sides

General Hospital And Clinic Info I (13 decks)

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