Chapter 3 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Categorical grants

A

Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport

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2
Q

Conditions of aid

A

Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds.

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3
Q

Dual federalism

A

Doctrine holding that the national government is supreme in its sphere, the states are supreme in theirs, and the two spheres should be kept separate.

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4
Q

Federalism

A

A political system in which there are local (territorial, regional, state, or municipal) units of government, as well as a national government, and powers are shared between the local units and the national government.

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5
Q

Grants in aid

A

Money given by the federal government to the states

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6
Q

Initiative

A

Process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot.

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7
Q

Nullification

A

The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state’s opinion, violates the Constitution.

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8
Q

Police power

A

State power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals.

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9
Q

Recall

A

Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office.

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10
Q

Referendum

A

Procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature.

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11
Q

Waiver

A

A decision by an administrative agency granting some other part permission to violate a law or rule that would otherwise apply to it.

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12
Q

Mandates

A

Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants.

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13
Q

Necessary and proper clause

A

Section of the Constitution allowing Congress to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to its duties, and which has permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated) by the Constitution.

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