Chapter 3 Vocab 2 Flashcards
Population Explosion
Exponential, unprecedented growth in human population size over the past 3 centuries.
Exponential growth rate
Growth that is compounded, like interest in a bank account; contrasts with linear growth, which does not increase in rate.
Linear (or arithmetic) growth
Growth that is regular and not compounded over time. It remains at a steady pace, rather than increasing.
First agricultural revolution
Occurred 10,00 to 20,000 years ago when humans first developed the ability to remain in a settlement and domesticate crops and animals.
Industrial revolution
The rise of the use of factory-based economics beginning in England in the 1700s
Second agricultural revolution
Coincided with the industrial revolution in England and a higher population growth rate, and saw the development of improved sanitation, storage, and fertilization techniques, slowing for greater food output.
Tomas Malthus/Malthusian theory
Wrote an essay that predicted population growth without time to compensate food-wise.
Neo-Malthusians
Contemporary believers in the essay written by Thomas M. The call for a stable food source.
Pandemic
Disease spread acutely over a large area or worldwide.
Epidemic
Disease spread acutely over a localized area.
Crude birth rate (CBR)
Number of live births per 1,000 people over a year.
Crude death rate (CDR)
Number if deaths per 1,00 people in the span if a year.
Infant mortality rate (IMR)
Number of deaths of children under 1 year if age per 1,000 births over a year
Life expectancy
Avg number if years a person is expected to live
Fecundity
Ability to have a child
