Chapter 3 Vocab

Question 1

Macromolecule

Answer 1

large complex molecules. made up of smaller molecules, like lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Question 2

Saccharides

Answer 2

the unit structure of carbohydrates.

Question 3

Isomers

Answer 3

two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structure.

Question 4

Lipids

Answer 4

group of molecules in the body made up of fats and cholesterol.

Question 5

Steroids

Answer 5

a class of natural or synthetic organic compounds characterized by a molecular structure of 17 carbon atoms arranged in 4 rings.

Question 6

Testosterone

Answer 6

an androgen hormone that promotes the development of characteristics people typically associate with masculinity.

Question 7

Estrogen

Answer 7

a female steroid hormone that is produced by the ovaries and, in lessor amounts, by the adrenal cortex, placenta, and males testes.

Question 8

Proteins

Answer 8

large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

Question 9

Nucleic Acids

Answer 9

are biocompounds, which are essential for living organisms.

Question 10

Dehydration Reaction

Answer 10

removes water and connects two molecules to form a polymer.

short polymer + monomer –> lower polymer + H2O

Question 11

Hydrolysis Reaction

Answer 11

adds water to break macromolecules into monomers.

long polymer + H2O –> 2 short polymers

Question 12

Saturated Molecules

Answer 12

Saturated- used to indicate that the maximum number of hydrogen atoms are bonded to each carbon atom in a molecule of fat.

Question 13

Unsaturated Molecules

Answer 13

Unsaturated- a molecule contains double or triple carbon-carbon bonds.

Question 14

Hydrophobic Molecules

Answer 14

Hydrophobic- the fear of mixing or reacting with water under a given set of reaction parameters.