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FEO test Aerial Apparatus > Chapter 3 Types and Construction of Aerial Fire Apparatus > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Types and Construction of Aerial Fire Apparatus Flashcards

1
Q

NFPA defines an aerial device into what 3 categories?

A
  1. Aerial Ladder Apparatus
  2. Elevating Platform Apparatus
  3. Water Towers
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2
Q

What are the 3 types of Elevating Platform Apparatus as defined by the IFSTA?

A
  1. Telescoping aerial platforms
  2. Articulating aerial platforms
  3. Aerial ladder platforms
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3
Q

Working heights of ladders can range from what to what?

A

50 ft - 135 ft

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4
Q

How is the working height of a ladder measured?

A

From the ground to the highest ladder rung with ladder at max elevation and extension

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5
Q

Manufacturers are building in a minimum Jackknife angle of how many degrees for tillered apparatus?

A

30 degrees

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6
Q

What is the minimum floor area of a platform?

A

14 sq.ft

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7
Q

What are the requirements of all elevating platforms?

A
  1. platform is horizontal to ground at all times.
  2. min. floor area (4 sq.ft)
  3. Must have railing enclosing work area with no opening greater than 24 inches below rail
  4. two gates
  5. kickplate at floor level (4 inch high)
  6. two operator control stations (street level and platform)
  7. backup hydraulic system
  8. heat protective shield
  9. protective water fog curtain nozzle on bottom of platform-(req to flow at least 75 gpm)
  10. minimum load capacity of 750 pounds fully extended with no water in piping
  11. minimum load capacity of 50 pounds fully extended with water in pipe
  12. capable of discharging 1000 gpm in any position
  13. be able to be raised from bedded position to max elevation and rotated 90 degrees in 150 seconds–(platforms less than 110 ft high)
  14. communication system
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8
Q

Aerial Ladder Platforms commonly range from what? to what?

A

85-110 feet

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9
Q

What is the major benefit of an “ARTICULATING AERIAL PLATFORM?”

A

The platform can go “up and over” things

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10
Q

Articulating Aerial Apparatus range in height from ____ to ____.

A

90 feet to 174 feet.

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11
Q

Water towers are capable of flowing how much water per minute?

A

1000 gpm to 5000 gpm

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12
Q

If a telescoping water tower is equipped with a ladder and does not meet the same requirements listed in NFPA 1901, how may the ladder be used?

A

As an emergency escape route only

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13
Q

Criteria for qualification as a quint is based on what?

A
  1. Size of pump
  2. Size of water tank
  3. Amount of supply and attack hose
  4. Array and length of ladders
  5. Pre-piped waterway on the aerial apparatus
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14
Q

Fire agencies that want the aerial apparatus to have the same capabilities as a standard engine company may specify pumps as large as what?

A

2000 gpm pumps

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15
Q

The first priority when positioning a quint is to position the apparatus how?

A

with the aerial device in mind

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16
Q

What are some reasons for equipping a aerial apparatus with a pump?

A
  1. may operate as a ladder or engine
  2. capable of supplying own elevated master stream
  3. may be used to protect itself in high radiant heat situations
  4. capable of extinguishing fire if on scene first.
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17
Q

As pertains to aerial devices, what are trusses?

A

assembly of bars or rods to form a rigid framework

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18
Q

What shape does the truss system utilize for strength?

A

triangle

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19
Q

A proper designed truss permits what kind of stresses to be distributed overt the length of the ladder for max strength with minimum weight.

A

tension and compression

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20
Q

How can the the fabricated structural members of an aerial device/ladder be fastened?

A

Rivets
or
Welded (steel),
Heliarced (aluminum alloy)

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21
Q

What are the 3 main portions of an aerial ladder?

A

Base rails or beams
top rails or handrails
rungs

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22
Q

What are the 3 main components of a hydraulic system?

A
  1. fluid
  2. pump
  3. reservoir
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23
Q

What two types of pumps are used for hydraulic systems on an aerial device and are driven off the PTO?

A

Rotary vane or

Rotary gear positive displacement

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24
Q

The hydraulic fluid used for operating aerial devices may be under pressures of how much?

A

3500 psi

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25
Q

Hydraulic hoses used to supply aerial ladders must be rated to withstand pressures at least how much more than normal operating pressures.

A

4 times greater

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26
Q

The selector valve (also known as the transfer valve or diverter valve) is on the of the more important valves in the hydraulic system of the aerial ladder and is used for what?

A

directs fluid to either the stabilizer control valves of the aerial device control valves

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27
Q

How long should the auxiliary hydraulic pump be operated?

A

intervals of about 1 minute with equal amount of rest

28
Q

The larger the hydraulic cylinder piston area, upward force is increased or decreased?

A

the more upward force is produced

29
Q

Normal hydraulic pressure is what?

A

850 psi to 3000 psi

30
Q

Hoisting cylinders are attached to the aerial device or turntable by what?

A

trunnion

31
Q

What may be used to rotate an aerial device should the hydraulic pressure fail?

A

manual hand crank

32
Q

The operator’s control pedestal usually stands how high?

A

3 ½ feet

33
Q

How should the 3 separate levers used for extension, rotation, and elevation be positioned on the control pedestal?

A

extension, rotation, elevation (left to right)

34
Q

What are the 2 types of pre-piped waterway systems?

A
  1. bed ladder system

2. telescoping waterway system

35
Q

This is the oldest pre-piped system and is non telescoping .

A

bed ladder system

36
Q

Generally, what is the minimum internal diameter in the telescoping waterway system?

A

4”

37
Q

Most telescoping water systems are capable of flowing how much water?

A

1000 gpm

38
Q

What are the components of a detachable ladder pipe system?

A
  1. ladder pipe
  2. fire hose
  3. hose straps
  4. clappered siamese or LDH
39
Q

Detachable ladder pipes are usually limited to ___ gpm.

A

750 gpm

40
Q

Most ladders with detachable ladder pipe appliances restrict the sideways movement of the nozzle to about how many degrees?

A

15 degrees either side of center–30 degrees total

41
Q

At what angle should the ladder pipe system be operated at?

A

70-80 degrees

42
Q

Aerial platforms are capable of flowing how much water?

A

up to 2000 gpm.

43
Q

Some water tower systems may be equipped with this special hardened steel nozzle used to poke through sheet metal buildings, aircraft skins, and metal roofs, and is capable of flowing how much water?

A

piercing nozzle—300 gpm

44
Q

How can the transmitter/receiver on the tip of the aerial device differ from the transmitter/receiver on the turntable?

A

The one at the tip is “hands free”. The transmitter/receiver at the turntable does not need to be “hands free”

45
Q

Does NFPA 1901 require aerial devices be equipped with breathing air systems?

A

No. But if it does have one, NFPA 1901 contains requirements

46
Q

What 5 standards does NFPA 1901 require if the aerial device has a breathing air system?

A
  1. Number of firefighters to be supported
  2. Capacity of the compressed air cylinder
  3. Pressure requirements of the piping
  4. Low air warning alarms
  5. Conformity to government regulations
47
Q

What is the most common power source used for emergency services and can be portable or fixed to the apparatus?

A

Generators

48
Q

What is an inverter?

A

it is a step-up transformer that converts the vehicles 12v or 24v DC current into 110-220v AC current

49
Q

What are the disadvantages of inverters?

A

small capacities

limited mobility from vehicle

50
Q

How much power can the following generate?

a. Invertors
b. portable generators
c. vehicle mounted generators
d. rescue vehicle generators

A

a. 5000 watts
b. 10,000 watts
c. 12,000 watts
d. 50,0000 watts

51
Q

Portable lights range from ___ to ___ watts.

A

300 watts to 1000 watts

52
Q

Fixed lights range from ___ to ____ watts.

A

500 watts to 1500 watts

53
Q

What is the most common electrical power cord?

A

12 gauge, 3 wire type

54
Q

How often should the driver/operator examine electrical power cords?

A

daily

55
Q

What are the 4 common types of hydraulic powered tools used by rescue workers?

A
  1. spreaders
  2. shears
  3. combo spreader/sheer
  4. extension ram
56
Q

Hose distances of ____ ft. or greater from the pump may have a diminishing effect on hydraulic tool operations.

A

100 feet

57
Q

NFPA requires what 3 types of ground ladders to be carried?

A
  1. attic ladders
  2. roof ladders
  3. extension ladders
58
Q

What is another name for 40’ extension ladders? What are they used for?

A

“Pole”

They are used to reach 4th or 5th story windows where the aerial device cannot reach

59
Q

What are “pole” ladders equipped with for added stability and leverage during raising?

A

staypoles or tormentors

60
Q

NFPA 1901 establishes minimum requirements for forcible entry that includes the following: (tools)

A 
axes (flathead, pickhead)
Pike poles
Plaster hooks
Crowbars
claw tools
sledgehammers
hacksaws and keyhole saws
wrenches
hammers
snipes and pliers
screwdrivers
61
Q

What is a “rabbet tool?” What are they used to force?

A

hydraulic door opener.

used to force swinging doors

62
Q

What are the 2 types of equipment used to supplement the natural flow of heat, smoke and gases?

A
  1. exhaust fans

2. Positive pressure blowers

63
Q

NFPA 1901 requires aerial apparatus to be equipped with how many scoop shovels to assist with salvage and overhaul operations?
How many salvage covers?

A

2 scoop shovels

“multiple” salvage covers

64
Q

When does “loss control” start?

A

When companies leave the station

65
Q

Additional equipment to be carried by aerial apparatus, required by NFPA 1901:

A 
portable hand lights
portable fire extinguishers
water extinguisher
multiple SCBAs
Spare SCBA cylinders
Medical kit
spanner wrenches
bolt cutters
ladder belts
light-use life safety rope
general-use life safety rope
utility rope
wheel chocks

FEO test Aerial Apparatus (7 decks)

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