Chapter 3 Thermodynamics Flashcards
0th Law of Thermodynamics
When 2 objects are in thermal equilibrium (T.E.) with each other and a third object is in T.E. with one of those objects, they’re ALL in T.E.
Temperature
The average kinetic energy of the atoms/molecules of a material
Thermal expansion (definition)
When an object (solid) is subject to a different temperature, it changes length.
Thermal expansion (equation)
deltaL = alpha * L * deltaT
Isolated system
A system in which matter AND energy do not go into the surroundings
Closed system
A system in which only energy is capable of exchanging with the surroundings, but NOT matter
State function
A thermodynamic property that depends on the current equilibrium state, not the path of the object
Process function
A thermodynamic property that depends on the path to get from one state to another
First law of thermodynamics
Energy is always conserved - it cannot be created or destroyed
Heat (definition)
The process of energy transfer between two objects of different temperatures
3 ways of heat transfer
1) Conduction
2) Convection
3) Radiation
Conduction
The method of heat transfer of physical touch/collision between two molecules/atoms
Convection
The method of heat transfer whereby a fluid (gas or liquid) is flowing over an object
Radiation
Heat transfer method of electromagnetic waves
Heat of transformation (definition)
The heat (energy) required to change a substance’s phase/state, but NOT the energy required to heat that substance.
