Chapter 3 The Placenta Flashcards
The ________ is the most important organ for the development of the fetus
placenta
The placenta produces what to sustain pregnancy?
hormones
When does the developing conceptus begin to implant into the uterine wall?
At approximately 1 week after ovulation
What is another name for the early placental tissue
syncytiotrophoblast
At about how many weeks is the gestational sac visible sonographically and is surrounded by an echogenic rind of tissue
4.5 weeks
By how many weeks is the thickened portion of the placenta adjacent to the myometrium visible
10-12 weeks
A full term placenta should not exceed how many cm in thickness?
4 cm
IUGR, chromosomal abnormalities, severe intrauterine infection, severe diabetes mellitus, HTN, and toxemia are associated with:
a) a thin placenta
b) a thick placenta
a) a thin placenta
Triploidy, diabetes mellitus, maternal anemia, blood group incompatibilites, placental hemrrhage, hydrops, infection, and aneuploidy are associated with:
a) a thin placenta
b) a thick placenta
b) a thick placenta
A rare chromosomal abnormality where a fetus has an extra set of chromosomes, resulting in 69 chromosomes instead of the normal 46 is called what?
Triploidy
The presence of one or more extra chromosomes or the absence of one or more chromosomes is called what?
Aneuploidy
________ may cause the placenta to appear artifactually thing
Polyhydraminos
_______ may cause the placenta to seem large
Oligohydraminos
This type of placenta is a condition where the villous chorionic membrane does not extend all the way from the center to the edge of the placenta and the membranous chorion covers the outer placental edge smoothly
Circummarginate placenta
This type of placenta the villous chorionic membrane is larger than the placenta and there are folds on the edges
Circumvallate placenta
What type of placenta is associated with increased risk of placenta hemorrhage, abruption, preterm labor, IUGR, fetal anomalies, and perinatal death?
Complete circumvallate placenta
When the placenta covers the entire surface of the sac it is called?
Placenta membranacea
A separate portion of a placenta is called?
Succenturiate or accessory lobe
vasa previa, postdelivery retention of placental fragments, and post partum hemorrhage are complications of what?
Succenturiate placenta
Where are the 3 places placenta calcifications are normally found?
1) base
2) septa
3) subchorionic and perivillous spaces
Most hypoechoic or cystic areas in the mid placenta are due to what?
Thrombus in the intervillous space between the fetal and maternal sides of the placenta
Early in the hemorrhage process when flow is observed within the hypoechoic areas is called what?
Maternal lakes
the boundary line between the placenta and the uterine muscle (myometrium) is referred to as?
The placental myometrial interface
What condition produces massive blood and fibrin deposition in the intervillous space?
Maternal basal plate infarction
A homogenous placenta with a smooth chorionic plate is graded:
a) 0
b)1
c) 2
d) 3
a) 0
Scattered echogenic calcifications throughout the placenta is graded:
a) 0
b)1
c) 2
d) 3
b) 1
Scattered echogenic calcifications throughout the placenta and subtle coma-like densities at the choronic plate is graded as a:
a) 0
b)1
c) 2
d) 3
c) 2
