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Clinical Anatomy of the Eye > Chapter 3: The Orbital Cavity > Flashcards

Chapter 3: The Orbital Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

How many individual bones form the orbit? Name them.

A

7

- maxilla, palantine, zygomatic, sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, lacrimal

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2
Q

What forms the supraorbital margin?

A

Frontal bone.

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3
Q

What forms the infraorbital margin?

A

Laterally by the zygomatic bone.

Medially by the maxilla.

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4
Q

What forms the lateral margin?

A

Frontal process of the zygomatic bone below.

Zygomatic process of the frontal bone above.

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5
Q

What is the strongest part of the orbital margin?

A

Lateral margin.

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6
Q

What forms the medial margin?

A

Above by the maxillary process of the frontal bone.

Below by the lacrimal crest of the frontal process of the maxilla.

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7
Q

The concave roof (superior wall) is formed by what?

A

The orbital plate of the frontal bone (and to a small extent by the lesser wing of the sphenoid posteriorly).

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8
Q

What is the orbital roof invaded by anteromedially?

A

The frontal air sinus.

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9
Q

What is the anterolateral depression in the roof of the orbital cavity?

A

The lacrimal fossa (houses the orbital part of the lacrimal gland).

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10
Q

Describe the location of the spine for the pulley of the superior oblique muscle.

A

Medial to the supraorbital notch.

4mm behind the orbital margin.

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11
Q

What does the roof separate the orbital cavity from?

A

Anterior cranial fossa and frontal lobe.

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12
Q

What forms the thin inferior wall of the orbital cavity? (3)

A

(1) The orbital plate of the maxilla
(2) Orbital surface of the zygomatic arch
(3) Small orbital process of the palatine bone.

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13
Q

What does the orbital plate of the maxilla separate the orbital cavity from?

A

The maxillary sinus.

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14
Q

What separates the floor from the lateral wall posteriorly (it is connected anteriorly)?

A

The inferior orbital fissure.

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15
Q

The inferior orbital fissure is continuous with which groove?

A

The infraorbital groove.

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16
Q

At about the midpoint of the orbital floor, the infraorbital groove becomes the ……?

A

The infraorbital canal.

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17
Q

What does the infraorbital canal open onto the face as?

A

The infraorbital foramen.

18
Q

Which wall is the thickest?

A

Lateral

19
Q

What forms the lateral wall?

A

Anterior 1/3: Zygomatic bone

Posterior 2/3: Greater wing of the sphenoid bone.

20
Q

What does the zygomatic bone separate the orbit from?

A

The temporal fossa.

21
Q

What does the greater wing of the sphenoid bone separate the orbit from?

A

The temporal lobe in the middle cranial fossa.

22
Q

The lateral wall and roof are separated posteriorly by the….? (they are continuous anteriorly)

A

Superior orbital fissure.

23
Q

What does the superior orbital fissure communicate directly with?

A

The middle cranial fossa.

24
Q

What is the name of the small prominence on the frontal process of the zygoma (just posterior to the orbital margin)?

A

Marginal tubercle.

25
Q

What attaches to the marginal tubercle?

A

(1) The aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris
(2) The lateral palpebral ligament
(3) Lateral cheek ligament

26
Q

How many bones form the medial wall of the orbit? Name them, anterior -> posterior.

A

4

  • The frontal process of the maxilla
  • The lacrimal bone
  • The orbital plate of the ethmoid
  • Small part of the body of the sphenoid
27
Q

What forms the largest part of the medial orbital wall?

A

The orbital plate of the ethmoid.

28
Q

What does the orbital plate of the ethmoid separate the orbital cavity from?

A

The ethmoid sinuses

29
Q

Is the orbital plate of the ethmoid a thick or thin bone?

A

Very thin.

30
Q

Where is the lacrimal groove located?

A

On the anterior part of the medial wall.

31
Q

What does the lacrimal groove hold?

A

The lacrimal sac.

32
Q

The optic canal lies in which bone?

A

In the lesser wing of the sphenoid.

33
Q

What is related medially to the optic canal?

A

The body of sphenoid.

34
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Name the nerve and vessel that travel through the optic canal.

A 
Optic nerve (CN II)
Ophthalmic artery.
35
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Name the nerves and vessel that travel through the superior orbital fissure.

A
  • Oculomotor n. (III)
  • Trochlear n. (IV)
  • Abducent n. (VI)
  • Trigeminal n. ophthalmic division CN V1 (lacriminal n, frontal n. , nasociliary n.)
  • Superior ophthalmic vein.
36
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Name the nerves and vessels that travel through the inferior orbital fissure.

A
  • Infraorbital n. (CNV2)
  • Zygomatic n. (CNV2)
  • Infraorbital a. and v.
  • Inferior ophthalmic vein
37
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Infraorbital canal.

A
  • Infraorbital n. , a., and v,
38
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Supraorbital foramen.

A

Supraorbital n. (lateral branch)

Supraorbital a.

39
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Frontal incisure.

A

Supraorbital n. (medial branch)

Supratrochlear artery.

40
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Anterior ethmoidal foramen.

A

Anterior ethmoidal n. a. v.

41
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Posterior ethmoidal foramen.

A

Posterior ethmoidal n. a. v.

42
Q

OPENINGS INTO THE ORBIT

Nasolacriminal canal.

A

Nasolacriminal duct.

Clinical Anatomy of the Eye (7 decks)

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