Chapter 3 The Movement System Flashcards
Describe the properties of irritability,excitability, and transmission that are the unique capabilities of nerve and muscle tissue; Give an overview of the nervous system's physiological, anatomical, and functional divisions and explain their functions; Describe the basic structure of skeletal muscle and how skeletal muscle contracts; Describe the different types of muscle fibers and their contribution to functional movement; Describe the function of proprioceptors-Golgi tendon organ, joint
Irritability
A neuron innervating skeletal muscle and the skeletal muscle itself each possess membrane characteristics that allow them to react when a stimulus is provided
Excitability
Nervous and muscular tissue membranes are excitable, which means, their membranes are irritable and thereby sensitive to electrochemical information to produce movement
Transmission
When the nerve or muscle cell membranes are depolarized, they [will] become more excitable and [will] transmit the electrochemical impulse along thier membranes, so that the depolarization propogates, or moves, along the cell’s membrane which will eventually cause an action potential
Neuron
The most basic structure of the nervous system
How is the nervous system classified physiologically?
They are classified into somatic and visceral nervous systems
Somatic system
All of the receptors and nerves that innervate muscles and skin
Visceral system
An autonomic system that is further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
How is the Nervous system classified Anatomically?
It is separated into the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous system
Composed of the brain and spinal cord
How is the Peripheral Nervous system structured?
Cranial Nerves, the afferent sensory nerves to the spinal cord and the efferent motor neurons from the spinal cord to the muscles
How is the Nervous system classified functionally?
It is similar Anatomically but more clearer. According to Houglum(2012), when described functionally, the afferent system includes all nerves [which are] associated with the transmission of sensory information into the Central Nervous System(pg.86).
How is the skeletal muscle structured?
Classified into a muscle and a muscle fiber
Which three connective tissues makes up the muscle?
Epimysium, Perimysium, and the fasciculi
What are muscle fibers?
Muscle fibers are muscle cells, which consist of multiple myofibrils
How does a muscle contract?
It contracts through 4 steps:
1) Myoneural Junction
2) Conduction of muscle impulses to the interior of the muscle fiber:Endoplasmic reticulum
3) Through the process of Excitation-Contraction coupling
4) Sliding filament model of Muscle contraction
