Chapter 3- The Molecules of Cells Flashcards
List all the functional groups and their structure
Hydroxyl: OH Carbonyl: C=OH Carboxyl: COOH Amino: NH2 Phosphate: OPO32-
How do monomers become polymers?
Through DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS- losing an H2O molecule to free up a valence
What do polymers do to break down into monomers?
They use hydrolysis- adding water to break down a polymer
What is the monomer (or sub-unit) of a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharides
What functional groups does a carbohydrate have
Hydroxyl (OH)
Carbonyl (C=O)
What is an example of a Carbohydrate?
Sugars
(Glucose, Fructose, Maltose)
Starches
What is the function of a carbohydrate?
Energy Storage
Short Term
What elements are in a Carbohydrate?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
What are the building blocks (monomers) of a Lipid?
Fatty Acids
Glycerol
What is the function of a Lipid?
- Long Term energy storage
- Insulation
- Protection of vital organs
What are some example of a Lipid?
- Oil
- Wax
What are the functional groups in a Lipid?
Carboxyl (COOH)
Elements in a lipid?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
What are the Building blocks in a Protein?
Amino Acids
What is the function of a protein?
- Structure
- Support
What are some examples of proteins?
- Hair
- Muscle
- Proteins
What is the functional group of a protein?
Amino Group (NH2)
AND
Carboxyl (COOH)
Building Blocks of Nitric acid?
Nucleotides
What is the function of nitric acids?
To store genetic information
What are some examples of nitric acid?
DNA and RNA
What functional group is in Nitric Acid?
Phosphate group
