Chapter 3 - The Basics of Networking - Fluency with Information Technology (7th Edition)

Question 1

Define point-to-point communication and give an example.

Answer 1

Definition: One to one relationship. There is only one sender and one receiver

Example: A telephone call

Question 2

Define multicast communication and give an example.

Answer 2

Definition: One to many relationship (specialized). There is one sender and many receivers. However, the sender’s intended receivers do not make up the entire population.

Example: Magazines (which typically cover specialized topics)

Question 3

Define broadcast communication and give an example.

Answer 3

Definition: One to many relationship. There is one sender and may receivers. The sender’s intended audience is broad, far reaching and includes the entire population.

Examples: radio and television

Question 4

Define synchronous communication and give an example.

Answer 4

Definition: The sender and the receiver of messages during communication are active at the same time.

Example: a phone call

Question 5

Define asynchronous communication and give an example.

Answer 5

Definition: The sender and the receiver of messages during communication are active at different times.

Examples: Email, voicemail, and postcards/paper mail

Question 6

Define what an IP address stands for and what an IP address is

Answer 6

IP address stands for Internet Protocol address. It is the unique address used to locate a single computer connected to the internet.

Question 7

What is the composition/format of most IP addresses?

Answer 7

A typical IP address is made up of four numbers ranging in size from 0 to 255, each separated by a dot (.)

Example: 168.12.15.60

Question 8

What is domain name?

Answer 8

A domain name is the unique human language alias associated a computer’s IP address.

Example: The domain name of the IP address 107.22.185.79 is kickstarter.com

Question 9

What is an internet domain?

Answer 9

A related group of computers that are networked together.

Question 10

What is an IP packet?

Answer 10

A limited container of digital information sent from one computer to another.
It includes a header used for technical purposes, the sending computer’s IP address, the receiving computer’s IP address, a sequence number (representing it’s relationship to other IP packets that either have or will be sent) and a payload (the body or content of the message)

Question 11

What is the size limit of an IP packet?

Answer 11

65,548 bytes

Question 12

What does TCP/IP stand for and what is it?

Answer 12

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

The structures, representations, and algorithms used in the internet’s physical data transmission

Question 13

What is a WAN?

Answer 13

A wide area network of computers that are not close to each other in physical proximity

Question 14

What are four characteristics of WANs?

Answer 14

• The networks of computers are not directly connected to one another
• Typical distance of connection exceeds a few kilometers
• Many point-to-point channels
• A sequence of computers is visited by IP packets before the packets reach their end destinations

Question 15

What is a LAN?

Answer 15

A local area network of computers close enough in proximity to be connected by a single cable or pair of wires.

Question 16

What are characteristics of LANs?

Answer 16

• Computers connected in a small physical space
• The primarty technology used is Ethernet
• All computers in a single building or lab are typically part of a LAN connected via Ethernet

Question 17

Explain the difference between the internet and the WWW.

Answer 17

The internet is all the cables/wires and physical hardware (including routers) that connect devices to one another. The WWW is the web servers that are connected to one another and the files they contain.

Question 18

Explain file hierarchies in relation to HTML

Answer 18

The leftmost item in a web address is the lowest on the hierarchy, and the rightmost is at the top.
www.