Chapter 3 Test

Question 1

What did the microscpe invention make possible

Answer 1

see germs and diseases (incredibly small things)

Question 2

Describe a cell’s size

Answer 2

very small, can’t see with a naked eye, and microscopic

Question 3

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 3

studied water sources and found animalcules also created the first microscope

Question 4

Robert Hooke!

Answer 4

cork trees have cells that are no longer alive and was the first to call them cells ( “Father of the Microscope” )

Question 5

Mattias Schleiden

Answer 5

all plants are made of cells

Question 6

Theodor Shwann

Answer 6

all animals have cells and all living things have cells

Question 7

Rudolf Virchow

Answer 7

proposed that cells come from cells

Question 8

Define unicellalar and multicellular

Answer 8

unicellular-single celled organisms multicellular- many celled organism

Question 9

What is the differencebetween a tissue, organ, and organ system!

Answer 9

tissue- a group of similar cells that work together to perfor a specific function organ- made of different tissues that work together organ system- a group of organs that work together to perform a major function

Question 10

Cell theory!

Answer 10

all living things are composed of cells
cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
all cells are produced from other cells

Question 11

DNA & RNA are examples of

Answer 11

nucleic acid/chromotin

Question 12

Lipid

Answer 12

are energy rich organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen

Question 13

Protein

Answer 13

are large organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen & phosphorous (nucleic acids and amino acids)

Question 14

Nucleic Acids!

Answer 14

are very long organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorous (proteins and amino acids)

Question 15

carbohydrate

Answer 15

an energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 16

Enzyme!

Answer 16

is a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing

Question 17

Diffusion

Answer 17

the process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration (experiment - egg & sugar)

Question 18

Osmosis!

Answer 18

The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 19

Active transport

Answer 19

the movement of materals through a cell membrane using cellular energy

Question 20

Forced transport

Answer 20

the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using the cell’s energy

Question 21

What are the basic units of structure and function in living things?

Answer 21

Cells

Question 22

Amino acids are made up of

Answer 22

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen & nitrogen (proteins and nucleic acids)

Question 23

Can compounds be broken down into smaller substances?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

Organic compounds contain what elements? !

Answer 24

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen & nitrogen

Question 25

List the levels of organization in multi-cellular organisms

Answer 25

cells, tissues, organs, the organ system

Question 26

Explain the importance of the cell membrane to the survival of the cell

Answer 26

It protects it and acts as a selectively permeable membrane

Question 27

Why is it important for a cell to be selectively permeable?

Answer 27

It’s important because cells must let in needed materials but waste materials must move out (healthy levels of water)

Question 28

What would happen to cells or a fresh water organism if it was placed in salt water?

Answer 28

Osmosis (die)

Question 29

What are 5 ways you can distinguish an animal cell from a plant cell

Answer 29

color, shape, plants have cell walls, plants have chloroplast, animals have lysosomes

Question 30

Chloroplast are found only in the cells of what organisms?

Answer 30

Plants

Question 31

The ability to clearly distinguish individual parts of an object is called

Answer 31

Resolution

Question 32

Explain the difference between active and passive transport.

Answer 32

Active transport is the movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy. Passive transport is the movement of dissolved materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy.

Question 33

What is the smallest unit of an element?

Answer 33

An atom

Question 34

What are the effects of osmosis?

Answer 34

Protects the cell from bad stuff, lets in good stuff (lets in what’s needed)

Question 35

Who was the first scientist to see what he called tiny animals?

Answer 35

Anton Van Leewanhouk

Question 36

Which of the following is not made of cells, a pile of sand or a dog?

Answer 36

A pile of sand

Question 37

Which type of organic compound includes sugar and starches?

Answer 37

Carbohydrates (carbs)

Question 38

Which cell organelle becomes more numerous when the cell is active?

Answer 38

mitochondria

Question 39

Which type of transport requires a cell to use its own energy?

Answer 39

Active transport

Question 40

Water inside a cell is stored in what organelle?

Answer 40

The vacuole

Question 41

DNA material can also be called this:

Answer 41

Chromotin

Question 42

Diffusion of water through a selectivley permeable membrane is called…

Answer 42

Osmosis

Question 43

Amino acids are made of these things:

Answer 43

Nucleic acids and proteins

Question 44

What compounds always contain carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen?

Answer 44

Organic compounds (living)