Chapter 3 Study Guide

Question 0

________ carried fine, fertile soil called _______ down from the mountains.

Answer 0

Tigris and Euphrates, silt

Question 1

World’s First Civilization was _________.

Answer 1

Sumer

Question 2

Uterine used ______ to water their crops. They dug ___ to bring water from the rivers to the fields.

Answer 2

Irrigation, canals

Question 3

Sumerians created _____ to automatically drop seeds into the ground.

Answer 3

Funnels

Question 4

First Mesopotamian City was ___.

Answer 4

Uruk

Question 5

Name the three thing each city-state had of its own:
a.
b.
c.

Answer 5

a. Government
b. Main God
c. Laws

Question 6

Sumerians practiced the religion of _____.

Answer 6

Polytheism

Question 7

Sumerian priests lived in the temples called ______.

Answer 7

Ziggurats

Question 8

Sumerians first form of writing was ________ which were pictures that represented objects.

Answer 8

Pictographs

Question 9

Priests created a new writing system called _________.

Answer 9

Cuneiform

Question 10

____________ set rules about marriage, slavery, and causing harm to others.

Answer 10

Ur-Nammu Law Code

Question 11

Sumerians produced many advances in technology which spread to other lands through ______.

Answer 11

Trade

Question 12

Sumerians made better tools and weapons with the development of _______

Answer 12

Bronze

Question 13

________ was the Akkadian who became king of the Sumerian city-state of _____.

Answer 13

Kish

Question 14

Sargon secured his power by:

a. Changing the ______ to Akkadian
b. Giving local Akkadians important positions in ______ and ________.
c. United much of Mesopotamia creating the world’s first empire called the _______ empire.

Answer 14

a. Language
b. Government and religion
c. Akkadian

Question 15

The Sumerian culture spread through Sargon’s ________who brought the traits with them as they traveled through the Fertile Crescent.

Answer 15

Troops

Question 16

The _______ came from northern Mesopotamia and took control of Sumerian cities, including Babylon.

Answer 16

Amorites

Question 17

_______ is a city on the Euphrates River near present day Baghdad, Iraq.

Answer 17

Babylon

Question 18

_______ became king of Babylon.

Answer 18

Hammurabi

Question 19

Most people’s lives in Babylonia revolved around ______.

Answer 19

Agriculture

Question 20

_______ lay north of Babylon, along the Tigris River and was part of the Akkadian and Babylonian Empires.

Answer 20

Assyria

Question 21

The ______ taught the Assyrians how to use iron working to make better weapons and tools.

Answer 21

Hittites

Question 22

Assyrians divided the empire into smaller units called ________ and a _______ was assigned to each one.

Answer 22

Provinces and governor

Question 23

________ made the city of Nineveh his capital and he built a library that contained subjects such as law, literature, mathematics, and science.

Answer 23

Ashurbanipal

Question 24

The Assyrian was weakened and in 604 B.C ___________ became the King of Babylon and his empire was known as the ___________.

Answer 24

Neo-Babylonian Empire

Question 25

During the Neo-Babylonian Empire, the king captured _________, destroyed the _________, and exiled many ______ to Babylon.

Answer 25

Jerusalem,Jewish Temple, Jews

Question 26

Nebuchadnezzar the 2nd built the _______________.

Answer 26

Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

Question 27

539 B.C Babylon and the rest of Mesopotamia fell under the control of the largest empire the world had ever seen called the ______ Empire.

Answer 27

Persian

Question 28

__________ help the Persians to grow by having a highly skilled standing Army. the elite soldiers were known as the _________.

Answer 28

Cyrus the Great, Immortals

Question 29

After Cambyses the 2nd died, _________ took control of the throne.

Answer 29

Darius the Great

Question 30

Darius reformed the central government by improving _______ and creating a common ___________.

Answer 30

Finances, currency

Question 31

Darius built roads across the empire which improved trade and ________ , and it allowed ________ to move quickly from one place to the other.

Answer 31

Communication, soldiers

Question 32

_________ taught that there was one supreme God called _________.

Answer 32

Zoroaster, Ahura Mazda

Question 33

Zoroastrianism became the official _________ of the Persian Empire.

Answer 33

Religion

Question 34

The _______ is a sacred text that includes prayers, hymns, and other writings.

Answer 34

Avesta

Question 35

Name the 3 things Zoroastrianism believes:

Answer 35

a. The universe is in a state of struggle between the forces of good and evil b. People have an important role to play in this conflict c. In the existence of an afterlife

Question 36

The teachings of Zoroastrianism is believed to influence want 3 religions:

Answer 36

a. Judaism b. Christianity c. Islam

Question 37

A _______ left the owner's personal mark such as an animal or a geometric shape stamped into the clay.

Answer 37

Seal

Question 38

The type of sculpture where the scene sticks out from the surface of the base material is called a _____.

Answer 38

Relief

Question 39

The Phoenician civilization consisted of city-states that began along the ______________.

Answer 39

Mediterranean Coast

Question 40

Phoenicians dominated ________ across the Mediterranean.

Answer 40

Sea trade

Question 41

The rulers of the city-states of Phoenicia were _________.

Answer 41

Priest-Kings

Question 42

The sloped Lebanon Mountains did not allow the Phoenicians to be _________.

Answer 42

Farmers

Question 43

Phoenicians manufactured many goods: a. Weavers created ______ that they colored with a rare _________ b. ________ made pottery, glass, and metal objects. c. Used ______ to wood furniture and other items.

Answer 43

a. Cloth, purple-dye b. Craft workers c. Trees

Question 44

The Phoenicians locations were ideal for trading goods across the Mediterranean Sea and they became experts at ________ . They are believed to be the first people to use the ___________ to guide their voyages.

Answer 44

Navigation, North Star

Question 45

Sheltered harbors attracted farmers and settlers to the rich fertile land and these areas grew into __________.

Answer 45

Colonies

Question 46

________ became a wealthy city-state on the North African Coast.

Answer 46

Carthage

Question 47

The ______ adopted the Phoenician way of writing.

Answer 47

Greeks

Question 48

The Phoenician alphabet consisted of 22 symbols that stood for ________.

Answer 48

Consonant sounds