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Social Studies > Chapter 3 Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Study Guide Flashcards

0
Q

________ carried fine, fertile soil called _______ down from the mountains.

A

Tigris and Euphrates, silt

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1
Q

World’s First Civilization was _________.

A

Sumer

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2
Q

Uterine used ______ to water their crops. They dug ___ to bring water from the rivers to the fields.

A

Irrigation, canals

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3
Q

Sumerians created _____ to automatically drop seeds into the ground.

A

Funnels

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4
Q

First Mesopotamian City was ___.

A

Uruk

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5
Q

Name the three thing each city-state had of its own:
a.
b.
c.

A

a. Government
b. Main God
c. Laws

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6
Q

Sumerians practiced the religion of _____.

A

Polytheism

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7
Q

Sumerian priests lived in the temples called ______.

A

Ziggurats

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8
Q

Sumerians first form of writing was ________ which were pictures that represented objects.

A

Pictographs

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9
Q

Priests created a new writing system called _________.

A

Cuneiform

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10
Q

____________ set rules about marriage, slavery, and causing harm to others.

A

Ur-Nammu Law Code

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11
Q

Sumerians produced many advances in technology which spread to other lands through ______.

A

Trade

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12
Q

Sumerians made better tools and weapons with the development of _______

A

Bronze

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13
Q

________ was the Akkadian who became king of the Sumerian city-state of _____.

A

Kish

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14
Q

Sargon secured his power by:

a. Changing the ______ to Akkadian
b. Giving local Akkadians important positions in ______ and ________.
c. United much of Mesopotamia creating the world’s first empire called the _______ empire.

A

a. Language
b. Government and religion
c. Akkadian

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15
Q

The Sumerian culture spread through Sargon’s ________who brought the traits with them as they traveled through the Fertile Crescent.

A

Troops

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16
Q

The _______ came from northern Mesopotamia and took control of Sumerian cities, including Babylon.

A

Amorites

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17
Q

_______ is a city on the Euphrates River near present day Baghdad, Iraq.

A

Babylon

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18
Q

_______ became king of Babylon.

A

Hammurabi

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19
Q

Most people’s lives in Babylonia revolved around ______.

A

Agriculture

20
Q

_______ lay north of Babylon, along the Tigris River and was part of the Akkadian and Babylonian Empires.

A

Assyria

21
Q

The ______ taught the Assyrians how to use iron working to make better weapons and tools.

A

Hittites

22
Q

Assyrians divided the empire into smaller units called ________ and a _______ was assigned to each one.

A

Provinces and governor

23
Q

________ made the city of Nineveh his capital and he built a library that contained subjects such as law, literature, mathematics, and science.

A

Ashurbanipal

24
Q

The Assyrian was weakened and in 604 B.C ___________ became the King of Babylon and his empire was known as the ___________.

A

Neo-Babylonian Empire

25
Q

During the Neo-Babylonian Empire, the king captured _________, destroyed the _________, and exiled many ______ to Babylon.

A

Jerusalem,Jewish Temple, Jews

26
Q

Nebuchadnezzar the 2nd built the _______________.

A

Hanging Gardens of Babylon.

27
Q

539 B.C Babylon and the rest of Mesopotamia fell under the control of the largest empire the world had ever seen called the ______ Empire.

A

Persian

28
Q

__________ help the Persians to grow by having a highly skilled standing Army. the elite soldiers were known as the _________.

A

Cyrus the Great, Immortals

29
Q

After Cambyses the 2nd died, _________ took control of the throne.

A

Darius the Great

30
Q

Darius reformed the central government by improving _______ and creating a common ___________.

A

Finances, currency

31
Q

Darius built roads across the empire which improved trade and ________ , and it allowed ________ to move quickly from one place to the other.

A

Communication, soldiers

32
Q

_________ taught that there was one supreme God called _________.

A

Zoroaster, Ahura Mazda

33
Q

Zoroastrianism became the official _________ of the Persian Empire.

A

Religion

34
Q

The _______ is a sacred text that includes prayers, hymns, and other writings.

A

Avesta

35
Q

Name the 3 things Zoroastrianism believes:

A

a. The universe is in a state of struggle between the forces of good and evil
b. People have an important role to play in this conflict
c. In the existence of an afterlife

36
Q

The teachings of Zoroastrianism is believed to influence want 3 religions:

A

a. Judaism
b. Christianity
c. Islam

37
Q

A _______ left the owner’s personal mark such as an animal or a geometric shape stamped into the clay.

A

Seal

38
Q

The type of sculpture where the scene sticks out from the surface of the base material is called a _____.

A

Relief

39
Q

The Phoenician civilization consisted of city-states that began along the ______________.

A

Mediterranean Coast

40
Q

Phoenicians dominated ________ across the Mediterranean.

A

Sea trade

41
Q

The rulers of the city-states of Phoenicia were _________.

A

Priest-Kings

42
Q

The sloped Lebanon Mountains did not allow the Phoenicians to be _________.

A

Farmers

43
Q

Phoenicians manufactured many goods:

a. Weavers created ______ that they colored with a rare _________
b. ________ made pottery, glass, and metal objects.
c. Used ______ to wood furniture and other items.

A

a. Cloth, purple-dye
b. Craft workers
c. Trees

44
Q

The Phoenicians locations were ideal for trading goods across the Mediterranean Sea and they became experts at ________ . They are believed to be the first people to use the ___________ to guide their voyages.

A

Navigation, North Star

45
Q

Sheltered harbors attracted farmers and settlers to the rich fertile land and these areas grew into __________.

A

Colonies

46
Q

________ became a wealthy city-state on the North African Coast.

A

Carthage

47
Q

The ______ adopted the Phoenician way of writing.

A

Greeks

48
Q

The Phoenician alphabet consisted of 22 symbols that stood for ________.

A

Consonant sounds

Social Studies (7 decks)

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