Chapter 3: Socialization

Question 1

Cooley & the Looking-Glass Self

Answer 1

1. We wonder how others perceive us
2. We interpret the actions of others
3. We develop a concept of self

Question 2

Mead & Role Taking

Answer 2

Stage 1: Imitation-under age 3
Stage 2: Play-age 3 to 6
Stage 3: Games-age 6 to 7

Question 3

Piaget & the Development of Reasoning

Answer 3

Sensimotor Stage- birth to two years old(direct contact)

Preoperational Stage- Age two to seven(non-direct contact)

Concrete Operational Stage- Struggle with truth

Formal Operational Stage- Capable of abstract thought

Question 4

Freud & the Development of Personality

Answer 4

-ID, ego, superego

Question 5

Kuhlberg & Development of Morality

Answer 5

1. Amoral- No right or wrong
2. Preconventional- Learning
3. Conventional- Following norms/expectations
4. Postconventional- Reflect of abstract thought

Question 6

Socialization into Gender

Answer 6

• Parents
• Toys & Play
• Lesbian & Gay Parents(Gender Neutrality)

Question 7

Gender Messages for Peers

Answer 7

• Girls often reinforce images of appearance

- Boys gauge interests of sex & violence of other boys

Question 8

Gender Messages in Mass Media

Answer 8

• TV’s, Movies, & Cartoons
• Video Games( Tomb Raider, Skyrim, Horizon: Zero Dawn)
• Advertising

“LIKE A GIRL?”

Question 9

Agents of Socialization

Answer 9

-The Family:
Social Class and Type of Work

-The Neighborhood:

-Religion:
Foundation of U.S. morality

Day Care:
Bond between mother and child lessens

Question 10

Socialization Through the Life Course

Answer 10

1. Childhood (birth-12)
2. Adolescence (13-17)
3. Transitional Adulthood (18-29)
4. The Middle Years (30-65)
5. The Older Years (63-Up)