Chapter 3 Review

Question 1

What is limited government

Answer 1

The principle that political leaders are answerable to other branches of government, to their peers, and to their constitutes for the decisions.

Question 2

What problem did the great compromise settle?

Answer 2

The problem over the number of representatives from each state, how representatives are chosen, and how many chambers in Congress.

Question 3

Which philosopher would most likely agree with Thomas Jefferson statement “experience hath shewn, that even under the best forms of government those entrusted with absolute power have, in time, and by slow operations, perverted it into tyranny.”?

Answer 3

Rousseau

Question 4

What is the supremacy clause and where in the constitution is it found

Answer 4

It is a statement written in article 6 of the US Constitution that states that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land

Question 5

What was the 3/5 compromise

Answer 5

It was a compromise between northern and southern states about whether or not to count slaves as part of the population. The northern states wanted slaves to count for tax purposes in the southern states wanted slaves to count population. The compromise reached declared that only three out of every five slaves would be counted

Question 6

What is true about the US Constitution

Answer 6

It has seven articles, it has a preamble, it has 27 amendments, it is a detailed plan for the government, it was signed by 39 of the 55 delegates

Question 7

What were the components of Virginia’s plan

Answer 7

Recommended a bicameral legislator, upper house would be chosen by the lower house, lower house would be elected by the people/number of representatives would be determined by population, national executive would be chosen by the upper house, large state plan, national executive would choose the Supreme Court

Question 8

Are some examples of reserved powers

Answer 8

Reserved powers are those powers side to side for the states some examples are controlled public education, punish criminals, pass marriage laws, conduct elections, and establish local governments

Question 9

Who is considered the father of the Constitution

Answer 9

James Madison

Question 10

What did federalists believe

Answer 10

Strong central government, supported the ratification of the Constitution, the federal government cannot overpower the states, because it has very defined powers, Supreme Court is the weakest branch because it cannot pass laws, the Constitution does not need a bill of rights because nothing in the Constitution allows the government to limit peoples freedom in the first place

Question 11

What is the rule of law

Answer 11

Rule of law means that no one is above the law

Question 12

What does the rule of law look like in practice

Answer 12

President can be impeached, the laws are clear, publicize, stable, and just, and are applied evenly, justice is delivered by neutral members in the community through jury trial, the processes by which the laws are in acted administered and enforced do a volunteer law enforcement office, congressional leaders can’t be investigated and removed from office

Question 13

Which of the following principles of government does the preamble to the US Constitution best represent

Answer 13

Self government

Question 14

What are the facts about the constitutional convention

Answer 14

It was held between May 14, 1787 to September 17, 1787, took place in Philadelphia Pennsylvania, sought to replace the articles of confederation with a new government since the articles could not be fixed, there were 55 delegates, George Washington was the president of the convention

Question 15

What was the New Jersey plan

Answer 15

Small state plan, unicameral legislature where each state gets the same number of representatives, several people would make up the executive office, national executive appoints the Supreme Court

Question 16

What are examples of checks and balances

Answer 16

Congress approves presidential nominations and controls the budget, I can pass laws of the presidents Vito you can impeach the president and remove him or her from the office, the president can veto congressional legislation, president nominates judges, the court to declare presidential ask unconstitutional, the court can declareLaws unconstitutional, and the Senate confirms the presidents nomination is in Congress can impeach judges and remove them from the office

Question 17

What do anti-federalists believe

Answer 17

Wanted A Bill of Rights, the constitution says federal laws are the supreme law of the land so the federal government could just take complete control, a small republic is better than a larger public, no slaves, supreme court too powerful because the judges do not answer to the people

Question 18

The fact that you do not need a passport to go from California to Nebraska, the fact that each state has the same Curren$y, the fact that you have to pay both state and federal taxes, or the fact that there are federal, state, and local laws is due to ______________.

Answer 18

Federalism

Question 19

What are enumerated powers

Answer 19

Enumerated powers are those powers directly granted to the national government by the Constitution. Some examples are Levy tariffs, declare war, sign treaties, print money, establish post offices, and maintain Armed Forces

Question 20

What are concurrent powers

Answer 20

Powers shared by both the federal government and the state government. Some examples are raise tax money, borrow money, take land for public use, maintain law and order

Question 21

What are the characteristics of America being a republic

Answer 21

Supreme power held by the people, people elect representatives to congress, the president is elected not appointed

Question 22

Which philosopher developed the idea of separation of powers

Answer 22

Montesquieu

Question 23

What is an example of separation of power

Answer 23

Federal government divided into three branches with each branch having their own unique, defined powers

Question 24

Which state was the last state to ratify the constitution

Answer 24

Rhode Island

Question 25

How many different ways can the constitution be formally amended

Answer 25

Four

Question 26

What is the only item that both the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan agreed on

Answer 26

That the national executive would appoint the Supreme Court

Question 27

Are the major principles of government

Answer 27

Limited government, self government, will of law, individual rights, due process, separation of powers, and checks and balances

Question 28

What English influences inspired Americans as inclusion of the Bill of Rights into the US Constitution

Answer 28

English bill of rights, John Locke‘s two treatises of government, Voltaire

Question 29

How does the US constitution depict the governmental principle of self government

Answer 29

Preamble, the ability of citizens to elect their representatives

Question 30

What were the major differences between the Federalist and anti-Federalist

Answer 30

Federalists supported the ratification of the Constitution/ anti-federalists the night, federalists did not support the inclusion of the Bill of Rights/anti-federalist did, federalist supported a strong national government/anti-federalist supported strong state government’s

Question 31

What event caused the founding fathers to reevaluate the effectiveness of the articles of confederation

Answer 31

Shays rebellion

Question 32

What were the weaknesses of the article of confederation

Answer 32

Unicameral legislature, no executive branch, no judicial branch, Congress did not have the power to regulate trade, Congress does not have the power to print money, Congress has no power to establish an army

Question 33

What principle does the fifth amendment support

Answer 33

Due process, rule of law

Question 34

Which of the philosophers would support the principle of popular sovereignty?

Answer 34

Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu

Question 35

What type of government did the Virginia plan mostly closely resemble

Answer 35

Parliamentarian democracy

Question 36

Which principles of government are not found in the Declaration of Independence

Answer 36

Federalism, separation of powers, balance of powers, republicanism

Question 37

Who wrote the Federalist papers

Answer 37

John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison

Question 38

What does the constitution guarantee every state

Answer 38

A republican form of government

Question 39

Where can you find the responsibilities of the three branches of government

Answer 39

First three articles of the US Constitution

Question 40

How many states were required to ratify the constitution

Answer 40

Nine of the 13