chapter 3 Pre-Socratics (natural Philosophers) Flashcards
Who are presocratics
6th and 5th century BCE greek thinkers who inquiring into the world and place of human beings in it
Who was considered the father of western philosophy?
Thales
Who believed that all is water?
Thales
First to define general principles?
Thales
What is Anaximander’s philosophy?
The unlimited
What did Anaximander’s argue?
Neither of the elements can embrace all of the opposites found in nature
What is apeiron
The infinite
The only substance that can explain all the opposites is…
The infinite
Who believed that all is the infinite?
Anaximander
Who is the father of cosmology and astronomy
Anaximander
What is logos
Reasoned account
Claims that are supported by good use of logic or evidence
Who first considered the sun as a huge mass?
Anaximander
What is aneximenes philosophy?
All is air
What is rarefraction?
The reduction of an item’s density.
Which presocratic believed that the world is flat and rides on a cushion of air
Aneximenes
Who is the father of numbers?
Pythagoras
What is Pythagoras best known for
The Pythagorean theorem
Who believed that all is number?
Pythagoras
What is Hesiod’s philosophy?
All comes from nothing
Who states that, All impact or consequent does not matter?
Hesiod
Hesiod states…
There are no gods as a source of being All experience has no meaning There is no purpose or end goal All perspective are subjective, no objectivity No absolute moral right or wrong No self value only self assigned value
What is the theology based view
Gods control the world and events
What are the four elements
Think of Avatar the Last Airbender
Fire
Water
Air
Earth
Who states that quantity determines quality
Anaxemenes
What is Paremenides philosophy?
All is one
What is plenum?
All is already determined
Who states that change is an illusion
Paremenides
What is Heraclitus philosophy?
All is multiple
Heraclitus states that stability is a…
An illusion
All natural philosophers are missing….
Logic “logos”
Empedocles believed in
Love and strife, a balance with things
Empedicles is a
Pluralist
A-toms
Unbreakables
