chapter 3 pharm

Question 1

what is pharmacokinetics

Answer 1

what the body does to the drug

Question 2

what is ADME

Answer 2

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Question 3

what is permeation

Answer 3

different ways cells can cross barrier to inside of body

Question 4

what are the different ways permeation can occur

Answer 4

Aqueous diffusion
lipid diffusion
special carrier
endocytosis and exocytosis

Question 5

what are the characteristics of Aquoeus diffusion

Answer 5

larger aqueous compartments
cells may have aqueous channel
diffusions by concentration gradient
molecules can be quite large (20,000,-30,000)

Question 6

what are the characteristics of no aqueous diffusion

Answer 6

highly charged
bound to large proteins

Question 7

what are the characteristics of lipid diffusion

Answer 7

limiting factor for drug permeation (many lipid barriers to cross)
Ability to move between lipid and aqueous phases is important for good drug

Question 8

What are the special carriers’ characteristics

Answer 8

the molecules bind to drug and move across barriers
Active transport and Facilitated diffusion

Question 9

what are the characteristics for endocytosis and exocytosis?

Answer 9

endocytosis: membrane engulfment (receptor-mediated endocytosis)
exocytosis: merging of the vesicle with the membrane

Question 10

What is the goal of rational dosing

Answer 10

achieve the desired beneficial effect with minimal adverse effects

Question 11

What is involved in standard drug dosing

Answer 11

based on healthy volunteers
dose adjustment might be needed due to pharmacologic parameters
volume distribution
clearance

Question 12

what is volume distribution

Answer 12

space available in the body to contain drugs. relates to the amount of drug in body to the concentration in the blood

Question 13

what is clearance

Answer 13

ability of the body to eliminate drug