Chapter 3 Non Directional Beacon

Question 1

What is the frequency range of an NDB?

Answer 1

190-1750KHz

Question 2

What are the two types of NDBs?

Answer 2

Locator and NDB

Question 3

What is the range of a locator beacon?

Answer 3

10-25nm

Question 4

What is the range of an NDB?

Answer 4

Greater than or equal to 50nm

Question 5

What is each type of NDB used for?

Answer 5

Locator = approach procedures
NDB = approach procedures and en route navigation

Question 6

What components does the aircraft need to use an NDB?

Answer 6

Automatic direction finder (ADF), indicator, loop antenna and sense antenna

Question 7

What is the purpose of the sense aerial?

Answer 7

Resolves the two null points

Question 8

What are the two types of the NDB transmission methods?

Answer 8

N0N A1A = continuous wave (BFO must be pressed to hear ident)
N0N A2A = modulated continuous wave (most common)

Question 9

What is the max degrees the cone of confusion is at an NDB?

Answer 9

Max 40 degrees either side of the vertical

Question 10

What is the formula for the radius of an NDB confusion?

Answer 10

Radius (nm) = height (nm) * tan40

Question 11

What is the required tracking accuracy?

Answer 11

+/- 5 degrees

Question 12

What is the cause of costal refraction?

Answer 12

Change in friction levels between the sea and the land

Question 13

How is costal refraction reduced?

Answer 13

• place beacons close to the sea

Question 14

What happens due to coastal refraction?

Answer 14

Signal bends towards the land

Question 15

What causes multi path propagation?

Answer 15

Signals reflecting off objects causes twi signals to be received by the aircraft

Question 16

What causes quadrantal error?

Answer 16

The metal and electrical objects in the aircraft