Chapter 3 (Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations ) Flashcards
Elements can combine to form compounds according to Dalton’s atomic theory
which is explained in
Law of Definite Proportions and Law of Multiple Proportions
Does a molecule have the same properties as the elements on their own?
No
The properties of the reactants are different from the properties of the product
True
Compounds are made of atoms held together by ________
Chemical bonds
The bonding attractions come from attractions between ____ and ____
Protons and electrons
Types of Chemical Bonds:
Ionic, Covalent, and Metallic
- Bond that occurs between metal and nonmetal
- Transfer of electron(s) from Metal to Nonmetal will occur
-This results in the Metal gaining a positive charge (cation) and the nonmetal will gain a negative charge (anion)
-The resulting cation and anion are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces resulting in a neutral compound
Ionic Bond
The resulting cation and anion are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces resulting in a neutral compound. These forces are governed by _____
Coulomb’s law
Strength of bond can be calculated using _____
Coulomb’s Law
Ionic Compounds
Compounds formed having ionic bonds are referred to as ______
Formula Unit
The formula of an ionic compound
-Bond occurs between nonmetals
-Bond arises from the mutual attraction of two nuclei for the same electrons (electron sharing results)
-Bond is a balance between
-Attractive forces
-Repulsive forces
Covalent Bond
Attractive forces
Protons of Atom A to electrons of Atom B
Repulsive forces
Electrons of Atom A to electrons of Atom B and protons of Atom A to protons of Atom B
Covalently bonded compounds are referred to as ____
Molecular compounds
