Chapter 3 - Medicine and Drugs Flashcards
Define recreational drug
Drugs that are used for entertainment
Define medicinal drugs
Drugs that are used to ‘get better’
What are antibiotics used for?
Kill bacteria
What are vaccines
Weaker or dead version of the pathogen.
Body learns how to recognise and defend against the pathogen
Gives us immunity to the pathogen in the future
How do macrophages do?
It recognises the pathogen
Engulfs the pathogen
Breaks down the pathogen
What is a placebo?
An administered treatment that does NOT contain the drug.
- Water only in an injection.
- Sugar (or anything non drug) in a pill
What is a double blind trial?
Both the doctor and patient are unaware whether they are taking the drug or the placebo
Why are double blind trials carried out?
To prevent bias
What are antibodies?
(Free floating) Proteins that attach to antigens
What are antigens?
Cell surface proteins that show the identity of the cell (triangle shapes on the outside of the cell)
What makes antibodies?
White blood cells
How do viruses make us ill?
Take over the cell, reprogram it to make more viruses
How do bacteria make us ill?
They multiply and create toxins
Why should you always finish your prescribed course of antibiotics when sick?
You may still have bacteria despite feeling better.
Bacteria would then divide again and make you ill.
Bacteria could develop immunity.
What is MRSA?
Medically Resistant Bacteria (Staphylococcus Aureus)
What is MMR?
Measles Mumps and Rubella
How are medically resistant strains of bacteria ‘created’?
Over-prescription of antibiotics.
Misuse of antibiotics
Why are antibiotics not used to treat viruses?
Antibiotics don’t work on bacteria
What are some illegal recreational drugs?
Ketamine Methamphetamine Cannibis Cocaine Opiates
What are some legal recreational drugs?
Alcohol
Tabacco
Caffeine
What does a good medicine do?
Must be effective (prevents or cures disease to make you feel better)
Must be safe (side effects)
Easy to take and remove (reach it’s target and leave when finished)
Must be stable (store easily / use in normal conditions)
