Chapter 3 - Lines Flashcards
Which three categories can the intervals between consecutive notes in the same line be divided?
a. Repetitions b. Steps c. Skips
Define repitition in a line?
The interval between two consecutive notes is a unison. ie. C3-C3
The second note explicitly confirms the conceptual status of the first note.
Define a Step?
The interval between two consecutive notes is a major, or minor, second. ie C3-D4.
We think of the second pitch as displacing the first pitch. The conceptual status of the first note is explicitly denied.
Define a skip?
The interval between two consecutive notes
Which are the consonant intervals?
Unison,
Octaves,
Perfect 4* & 5,
Major and minor 3
Major and minor 6
(Note, P4 where lowest not is the bottom = not consonant)
What are the features of a consonant interval?
We think of the two notes forming the interval as stable in relation to each other. Such a relationship is reciprocal and self sufficient.
What are the dissonant intervals?
The dissonant intervals are
Major and minor 2nd
Major and minor 7ths
P4, where lower note of interval is lowest note sounding
All augmented and diminished intervals
What are the features of a dissonant interval?
Unstable with respect to each other. In tonal music, one of the notes is unstable with respect to the other.
One sided relationship, must work to understand unstable note in regards to stable notes in same line.
What is a rearticulation, and what are the three essential features?
Dividing a note into two parts, to have 2 notes.
♩ = ♫
- Together same duration as original
- Same pitch
- First note begins at same time as original.
First note has conceptual priority.
What is an anticipation?
In two notes of a line, an anticipation is “borrowing time” from the first note, for an added note, equal in pitch to the second note.
Second note in repetition has conceptual priority.
What is a neighbour embellishment / neighbour structure.
Given two notes of a rearticulation, a neighbour embelishment would ‘borrow’ time from one of the repeated notes for an added third note.
Third note is an adjacent member of diation collection.
Neigbour temporary displaces original note, however returns to original pitch, re-establishing conceptual priority of first note.
What is an arpeggiation in Westergaardian terms?
The consecutive statement of notes in one line which could have been simultaneously stated in seperate lines. Must form consonant interval.
Neither has conceptual priority, reciprocal relationship. That is, the interval has conceptual priority over the individual notes.
Think of second note as beginning moment in terms of when the first note begins,
What is step motion?
From two notes of an arpeggiation, borrow time from the first note and add the intervening pitches of the diationic collection.
We think if it as a way of getting from one pitch in the arpeggiation to the other.
Each pitch diplaces the preceeding, carrying the pitch until it reaches it’s goal, the final destination.
Original notes of apeggiation have conceptual priority.
What is a delay in a line?
Substituting a note in a line, with a note with the same pitch and occuring during the time occupied by the original, but beginning at a later point than the original.
Time occupied by original but not used by the new note is added to preceding note.
However, often point at which original note would have begun, is marked by another note, arrived at by a different operation eg. step motion.
What are the 4 operations and constructs that we can perform to compose and understand tonal lines?
Rearticulations
Neighbour embelishments
Arpeggiation
Step Motion
, and
Anticipation
Delay
