Chapter 3 (Lifespan Considerations) Vocab

Question 1

Active Transport

Answer 1

The active (energy-requiring) movement of a substance between different tissues via pumping mechanisms contained within cell membranes

Question 2

Diffusion

Answer 2

The passive movement of a substance (e.g., a drug) between different tissues from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration (compare with active transport)

Question 3

Neonate

Answer 3

a person younger than 1 month of age; a newborn infant

Question 4

Older Adult

Answer 4

Pertaining to a person who is 65 years of age or older (Note that some sources consider it 55 years or older); elderly or geriatric

Question 5

Pediatric

Answer 5

a person who is 12 years of age or younger

Question 6

Polyphamacy

Answer 6

The simultaneous use of multiple medications in treating a patient, who often has several health problem

Question 7

Pregnancy Trimesters and Drugs

Answer 7

1st trimester - drug exposure to fetus is most detrimental and there is the greatest danger for drug-induced developmental defects

3rd - greatest chance of drug absorption/drug transfer to the fetus due to increased blood flow, increased fetal surface area, and increased amt of free drug in mother’s circulation

Question 8

Three main areas of drug safety/potential harm of drug therapy during pregnancy

Answer 8

Drug properties, fetal gestational age, and maternal factors

Question 9

Premature or preterm infant

Answer 9

person younger than 38 weeks gestation

Question 10

Infant

Answer 10

person 1 month up to 1 year

Question 11

Child

Answer 11

person 1 year up to 12 years

Question 12

Prescribing Cascade

Answer 12

Prescription of a drug given specifically to counteract the adverse effects of other drugs

Ex: potassium supplement given to counteract the potassium loss caused by a diuretic