CHAPTER 3: IT INFRASTRUCTURE & BUSINESS APPLICATIONS Flashcards
What is the primary role of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a computer?
The CPU is the brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and processing data.
What does RAM stand for, and what is its function in a computer?
RAM stands for Random Access Memory; it serves as the computer’s short-term storage, holding data that the CPU needs to access quickly.
Name three common types of long-term data storage devices.
Hard drives, Solid State Drives (SSDs), and flash drives.
What are input devices? Provide two examples.
Input devices allow users to interact with the computer by providing data and instructions. Examples include keyboards and mice.
Define computer software and its importance.
Computer software is a set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do, providing the logic and functionality that make the hardware work.
What is application software? Give two examples.
Application software is designed to perform specific tasks for users, such as web browsers and word processors.
How does networking facilitate communication between computers?
Networking allows computers to communicate and share resources by connecting devices through cables or wireless signals, enabling data transmission
What is network hardware? Name one essential component.
Network hardware consists of physical devices that facilitate communication on a network. An example is a router.
What do network protocols do
Network protocols are rules that govern how data is transmitted and received across a network, ensuring that devices can communicate effectively.
Distinguish between the internet and an intranet.
The internet is a global network that connects billions of devices worldwide, while an intranet is a private network used within organizations for secure communication.
What is the primary focus of technology management in a business context?
The primary focus is to leverage hardware, software, and database systems to drive business performance and achieve a competitive advantage
Why is operational efficiency important for organizations?
It streamlines daily operations and enhances business processes, allowing organizations to function more effectively
Name three major trends in technology management today.
- Cloud Computing
- Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Internet of Things (IoT)
What challenges do organizations face when managing technology?
Challenges include complexity, security threats, cost optimization, and the skills gap in IT professionals.
How does effective hardware and software management contribute to business continuity?
It ensures reliable system operation and minimizes disruptions to business processes
What are the key considerations when selecting a Database Management System (DBMS)?
Analyze business needs, evaluate DBMS options, consider data volume and type, and assess performance requirements.
How can a business align its database strategy with its overall objectives
By defining business goals, identifying data needs, developing a comprehensive data strategy, implementing database solutions, and continuously monitoring results.
List a few ways database systems can improve operational efficiency.
Automation of tasks, real-time monitoring, process optimization, and informed resource allocation.
What metrics are important for measuring the impact of database systems on performance?
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), data analysis and reporting, return on investment (ROI), and continuous improvement processes.
Why is continuous improvement critical in technology management?
It helps to optimize database management practices, ensures alignment with business objectives, and maximizes ROI.
What are data resources?
Data resources encompass any form of information stored electronically, including text documents, spreadsheets, images, and databases.
Why are data resources important for organizations?
They provide insights, support decision-making, facilitate research, and drive innovation across various sectors.
What is structured data?
Structured data is organized in a predefined format, often stored in relational databases, making it easy to analyze and process.
What challenges are associated with unstructured data?
Unstructured data lacks a predefined format, making it difficult to analyze, but it can offer valuable insights if processed correctly.
