Chapter 3 - Introduction to TCP/IP Flashcards
Differentiate the DoD and the OSI network models.
The DoD model is a condensed version of the OSI model, composed of four layers instead of seven, but is nonetheless like the OSI model in that it can be used to describe packet creation and devices and protocols can be mapped to its layers. (Process/Application, Host-to-host, Internet, Network Access)
Identify 4 of the main Process/ Application layer protocols.
- Telnet is a terminal emulation program that allows you to log into a remote host and run programs.
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a connection-oriented service that allows you to transfer files.
- Trivial FTP (TFTP) is a connectionless file transfer program.
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a send mail program.
Identify two primary Host-to-Host layer protocols.
- TCP, or Transmission Control Protocol (connection oriented)
- UDP, or User Datagram Protocol (connectionless)
Identify four primary Internet layer protocols.
- Internet Protocol (IP) is a connectionless protocol that provides network address and routing through an internetwork.
- Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) finds a hardware address from a known IP address.
- Reverse ARP (RARP) finds an IP address from a known hardware address.
- Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) provides diagnostics and destination unreachable messages.
Describe the functions of DNS and DHCP in the network.
DHCP provides network configuration information (including IP addresses) to hosts, eliminating the need to perform the configurations manually.
DNS resolves hostnames— both Internet names such as www.lammle.com and device names such as Workstation 2— to IP addresses.
Identify the 12 fields contained in the TCP header of a connection-oriented transmission.
- source port,
- destination port,
- sequence number,
- acknowledgment number,
- header length,
- a field reserved for future use,
- code bits,
- window size,
- checksum,
- urgent pointer,
- options field,
- the data field.
Identify the five fields contained in the UDP header of a connectionless transmission.
- source port,
- destination port,
- length,
- checksum,
- data.
Identify what is contained in the IP header.
- version,
- header length,
- priority or type of service,
- total length,
- identification,
- flags,
- fragment offset,
- time to live,
- protocol,
- header checksum,
- source IP address,
- destination IP address,
- options,
- data.
Compare and contrast UDP and TCP characteristics and features.
TCP is connection-oriented, acknowledged, and sequenced and has flow and error control, while UDP is connectionless, unacknowledged, and not sequenced and provides no error or flow control.
What is the role of port numbers?
Port numbers are used to identify the protocol or service that is to be used in the transmission.
Identify the role of ICMP.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) works at the Network layer and is used by IP for many different services. ICMP is a management protocol and messaging service provider for IP.
Define the Class A IP address range.
the first octet is 1– 126.
Define the Class B IP address range.
the first octet is 128– 191.
Define the Class C IP address range.
The first octet is 192 through 223.
Identify the private IP ranges.
- Class A = 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255.
- Class B = 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255.
- Class C = 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255.
