Chapter 3: Interpersonal Communication (I am)

Question 1

Intrapersonal

Answer 1

•Something that exists or occurs within an individual’s self or mind

Question 2

Intrapersonal Communication

Answer 2

• Communication phenomena existing within or occurring because of an individual’s self or mind
• Barker and Wiseman: Exists on a communication continuum

Question 3

Self-concept:

Answer 3

“Individual’s belief about himself or herself, including the person’s attributes and who and what the self is” (Baumeister, 1999)

Question 4

Attribute:

Answer 4

A characteristic, feature, or quality or inherent part of a person, group, or thing

Question 5

The three selves:

Answer 5

• Self-Image
• Self-Worth
• Ideal-Self

Question 6

Incongruent self-concept

Answer 6

• Each self is independent of each other
• The individual is out of balance with how they interact with others in their environment
• More likely to exhibit other psychological difficulties

Question 7

Congruent self-concept

Answer 7

• The overlap of each self reflects compatibility

* Higher likelihood of developing self-actualization

Question 8

Looking in a mirror causes us to think about how others think and judge us

Answer 8

• Individuals learn about themselves by reflecting on their social performance
• Individuals imagine who others think about them
• Individuals affectively react to those perceived evaluations
• Shapes one’s self-image and the ways in which one subsequently behaves

Question 9

How do you view what others think about you?

Answer 9

• The way people see us may not be accurate
• The judgements of some people matter more to us than those of other people
• Individuals use these judgements to better understand and become familiar with themselves.

Question 10

Self-esteem

Answer 10

Self-esteem is an individual’s evaluation of her/his/their abilities and limitations:

• Subjective evaluation
• Abilities
• Limitation
• Self-esteem and communication
• Mindfulness

Question 11

How do you care for yourself?

•Compassion

Answer 11

•Compassion is “being touched by the suffering of others, opening one’s awareness to others’ pain and not avoiding or disconnecting from it, so that feelings of kindness toward others and the desire to alleviate their suffering emerge” (Neff, 2003)

Question 12

How do you care for yourself?

Self-compassion

Answer 12

•Self-compassion is “being touched by and open to one’s own suffering, not avoiding or disconnected from it, generating the desire to alleviate one’s suffering and to heal oneself with kindness. Self-compassion also involves offering nonjudgmental understanding to one’s pain, inadequacies and failures, so that one’s experience is seen as part of the larger human experience” (Neff, 2003).

Question 13

•Three components of self-compassion:

Answer 13

• Self-kindness
• Common humanity
• Mindfulness

Question 14

Don’t feed the vulture

Answer 14

• Reality testing
• Look for alternative explanations •Putting it into perspective
• Using goal-directed thinking

Question 15

Personality:

Answer 15

The combination of traits or qualities that make a person unique (e.g., behavior, emotional stability, and mental attributes)

Question 16

Nature vs. nurture

Answer 16

•The context in which one is raised influences communicative behaviors with biological underpinnings

Question 17

Temperament

Answer 17

•Temperament is a genetic predisposition causing an individual to behave, react, or think a certain way

Question 18

Temperament

Answer 18

Biologically determined
Characteristics observed early in childhood
Traits are also observed in animals
Stands for stylistic aspects
Integrative function of human behavior

Question 19

Personality

Answer 19

Product of social environment
Shaped by experiences later in development
Strictly human
The content aspect of behavior
Isn’t characteristic of temperament

Question 20

Five consistent personality clusters

Answer 20

Surgency
Agreeableness
Dependability
Emotional stability
Culture

Question 21

OCEAN Model of Personality

Answer 21

Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

Question 22

Cognitive Dispositions

Answer 22

General patterns of mental processes impacting how people respond and react to the world around them
•Affective orientation

Question 23

Four types of Cognitive Dispositions:

Answer 23

• Locus of control (internal and external)
• Cognitive complexity
• Authoritarianism, Dogmatism, and Right-wing Authoritarians
• Emotional Intelligence

Question 24

Social-personal Dispositions

Answer 24

•General patterns of mental processes that impact how people socially relate to others or view themselves.

• Loneliness (Emotional vs social loneliness)
• Depression
• Self-esteem
• Narcissism (Conversational narcissism)
• Machiavellianism
• Empathy
• Self-monitoring

Question 25

Communication Dispositions

Answer 25

• General patterns of communicative behavior
• Introversion vs. Extraversion
• Approach and avoidance traits
• Argumentative vs. Verbal aggressiveness
• Sociocommunicative orientation

Question 26

•Approach and avoidance traits

Answer 26

• Shyness
• Communication apprehension
• Willingness to communicate

Question 27

Sociocommunicative orientation

Answer 27

• Responsiveness
• Assertiveness
• Versatility

Question 28

Relational Dispositions

Answer 28

• General patterns of mental processes impacting how people view and organize themselves in relationships
• Attachment: A set of inherent behaviors (attachment) designed to allow proximity with supportive others (attachment figures)

Question 29

Attachment:

Answer 29

A set of inherent behaviors (attachment) designed to allow proximity with supportive others (attachment figures)

• Bowlby’s Model of Attachment
• Maternal Deprivation Hypothesis

Question 30

Attachment styles:

Answer 30

• Secure
• Preoccupied
• Fearful
• Dismissing

Question 31

Relational Dispositions

Answer 31

Theory of rejection sensitivity

• Fear of being rejected
• Excessive need for affection
• When the need is not met, the individual feels rejected
• Represses hostility for fear of losing affection
• Unexpressed rage builds internally
• Increased fear of rejection
• Increased need for relational reassurance from a partner

Question 32

The top ten most desirable characteristics of self concept were:

Answer 32

1. Sincere
2. Honest
3. Understanding
4. Loyal
5. Truthful
6. Trustworthy
7. Intelligent
8. Dependable
9. Open-Minded
10. Thoughtful

Question 33

Conversely, the top ten least desirable attributes of self concept were:

Answer 33

1. Liar
2. Phony
3. Mean
4. Cruel
5. Dishonest
6. Untruthful
7. Obnoxious
8. Malicious
9. Dishonorable
10. Deceitful

Question 34

Temperament

Answer 34

The genetic predisposition that causes an individual to behave, react, and think in a specific manner.

Question 35

Personality

Answer 35

The combination of traits or qualities such as behavior, emotional stability, and mental attributes that make a person unique.

Question 36

Extraversion

Answer 36

An individual’s likelihood to be talkative, dynamic, and outgoing.

Question 37

External Locus of Control

Answer 37

The belief that an individual’s behavior and circumstances exist because of forces outside the individual’s control.

Question 38

internal locus of control

Answer 38

believe that they can control their behavior and life circumstances.