Chapter 3: ILS & VOR

Question 1

what does the ILS ground system consist of?

Answer 1

localiser & glideslope beams

Question 2

what band and frequency does the localiser transmit on?

Answer 2

VHF band, 108.10 - 111.95 MHz

Question 3

what is the frequency of the left & right beams for the localiser?

Answer 3

left: 90Hz
right: 150Hz

Question 4

what band and range does the glideslope transmit on?

Answer 4

UHF band

329.5 - 335.0 MHz

Question 5

what is the channel spacing for glideslopes?

Answer 5

150 kHz

Question 6

what are the 2 beams for glideslope and what is their modulated frequency?

Answer 6

upper & lower beam

upper: 90Hz
lower: 150Hz

Question 7

rate of descent formula

Answer 7

(100 ft/nm (1deg per 100) * groundspeed) / 60

ft/min

Question 8

what does ILS consist of?

Answer 8

1) receivers
2) control unit
3) ILS indicators
4) aerials

Question 9

what kinds of receivers are in ILS?

Answer 9

VHF localiser & UHF glideslope receiver

Question 10

what frequency band does the VHF Omni Range (VOR) operate in?

Answer 10

108 - 118 MHz, channel spacing of 50 kHz

Question 11

VOR produces how many tracks in how many direction?

Answer 11

infinite number of tracks at 360 degrees (all direction)

Question 12

the bearing of aircraft depends on?

Answer 12

phase difference between reference and variable phases time difference

Question 13

frequencies for conventional VOR

Answer 13

30Hz AM (variable phase signal)

9960Hz AM (sub carrier)

Question 14

information given from carrier wave

Answer 14

1) station identification
2) weather reports
3) aerodome flight information service

Question 15

VOR equipment consist of?

Answer 15

1) receivers
2) control unit
3) VOR indicators
4) aerials

Question 16

minimum altitude to receive VOR signal

Answer 16

1000 ft above ground

Question 17

what does rotating course card do?

Answer 17

calibrated froom 0 - 360 degrees that indicates VOR bearing chosen by pilot

Question 18

what does OBS knob do?

Answer 18

manually rotate course card

Question 19

how to read TO-FROM indicator?

Answer 19

triangle points up when flying TO VOR station

trianlge points down when flying FROM VOR station

Question 20

what does the course deviation indicator do?

Answer 20

indicate direction to turn aircraft to return to course

Question 21

horizontal dots on OBS means?

Answer 21

each dot represents 2 degree deviation from course

Question 22

localiser frequency formula

Answer 22

f_loc = 2f₁ - f₂

Question 23

criteria for category 2 instrument landing

Answer 23

1) equipment must be cat. 2 certified
2) RVR = 1200ft
3) abort landing 80ft

Question 24

localiser degree deviation to output ampere

Answer 24

1deg = 75μAmps

Question 25

VOR range factors

Answer 25

1) tranmission power
2) station elevation
3) aircraft altitude

Question 26

ICAO visibility categories

Answer 26

cat 1: 2600ft
cat 2: 1300ft
cat 3: 700ft