chapter 3 heredity Flashcards

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1
Q

heredity

A

the passing of genetic trains from parent to offspring

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2
Q

dominant trait

A

the trait in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred

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3
Q

recessive trait

A

a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred

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4
Q

gene

A

one set of instructions for an inherited trait

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5
Q

allele

A

one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color

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6
Q

phenotyoe

A

an organisms appearance or other detectable characteristics

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7
Q

genotype

A

the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits

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8
Q

probability

A

the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event

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9
Q

homologous chromosomes

A

chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

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10
Q

meiosis

A

a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells

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11
Q

sex chromosome

A

one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

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12
Q

pedigree

A

a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family

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