Chapter 3 Henry securing the throne

Question 1

When was the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 1

22nd August 1485

Question 2

What turned the tide of Bosworth in Henry’s favor?

Answer 2

Sir William Stanley switching sides

Question 3

Why wasn’t Henry secure on the throne after Bosworth?

Answer 3

Weak claim to throne.
Alliances based off mutual hatred of Richard III.
Defeated Richard in combat, other nobles thought they could do the same to him and get the crown.

Question 4

Who were the Yorkist Nobles under Henry VII? (6)

Answer 4

Thomas Howard Earl of Surrey
John de la Pole Earl of Lincoln
Francis Lovell
Thomas/Humphrey Stafford
Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy

Question 5

Who were the Lancastrian Nobles? (4)

Answer 5

Margaret Beaufort
Jasper Tudor
John de Vere Earl of Oxford
Edward Courtenay Earl of Devon

Question 6

Who were Anti-Ricardian Yorkist Nobles? (6)

Answer 6

Elizabeth Woodville
John Morton
Thomas Grey
Marquess of Dorset
Thomas Lovell
Giles Daubeney

Question 7

What happened to Richard’s supporters during/after Bosworth?

Answer 7

Some killed in battle; John Howard and Richard Radcliffe.
Some captured; Thomas Howard (son of John).
Some Escaped; Lovells and Staffords.

Question 8

Ways King Henry reinforced his rule immediately after Bosworth.

Answer 8

Claimed it to be his Divine Right
Insisted in a full crowning ceremony
Parliament declared Henry’s reign 21st Aug 1485
Denounced Titulus Regius

Question 9

How could Henry play the ‘chosen by God’ card after Bosworth?

Answer 9

Richard III said it was his divine right to rule. Henry killed him in Bosworth and said it was God’s choosing.

Question 10

Significance of Henry’s reign starting 21st of Aug 1485

Answer 10

The day before Bosworth, made Richard III a usurper and his nobles traitors

Question 11

What is Titulus Regius? Why remove it?

Answer 11

Made Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville’s marriage illegitimate, so their children weren’t Yorkist.
Henry VII wanted to Marry Elizabeth of York (son of Edward and Woodville) to secure his place on the throne.

Question 12

When did Henry marry Elizabeth of York?

Answer 12

January 1486

Question 13

Why did Henry VII reward his supporters? give example.

Answer 13

To keep them from turning on him.

Gave Jasper Tudor Duke of Bedford title in 1485

Question 14

How did Henry treat the Yorkist supporters

Answer 14

He let them live as Nobles but restricted their power so much they couldn’t revolt in theory.

Question 15

what oath did the Houses of Lords and Commons swear?

Answer 15

To never recruit private armies

Question 16

How did Henry attempt to gain support from the Northern Yorkists towns?

Answer 16

1486 he traveled to the midlands and northern Britain

Question 17

Explain Act of Resumption 1486

Answer 17

King could take back all land that was granted away in 1455. Aim was to increase crown’s wealth and reduce noble’s.

Question 18

Who were Henry’s two most trusted nobles?

Answer 18

Jasper Tudor & John de Vere

Question 19

What roles were Jasper Tudor and John de Vere assigned?

Answer 19

Tudor became Chief Justice and given extensive power in Wales
de Vere was prominent on Henry’s council and in East Anglia.

Question 20

What rumors were spread in 1486?

Answer 20

Earl of Warrick escaped Tower of London and fled to Channel islands.

Question 21

Earl of Lincon’s agents were caught what? 1486

Answer 21

Smuggling gold and silver out of the country to raise and army abroad.

Question 22

What did F Lovell and and the Stafford Brothers do after escaping punishment?

Answer 22

They resided in the sanctuary of Colchester and plotted a revolt. left in April 86.
Staffords tried to raise rebellion in the Midlands and failed. Henry Stafford executed and Thomas pardoned.

Question 23

What did Francis Lovell do after leaving the Sanctuary?

Answer 23

Tried to raise rebels in Yorkshire, failed. Stopped by Jasper Tudor, fled to Burgundy.

Question 24

Who were Elizabeth of York’s parents?

How is this significant?

Answer 24

Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville
Edward IV was previous king before Richard III.
She is a Woodville which strengthened the alliance between Tudors and Woodvilles.