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Computer Science EDEXCEL GCSE (IN PROGRESS) > Chapter 3: Hardware and Software > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Hardware and Software Flashcards

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1
Q

What is hardware

A

Hardware is the physical components of your PC

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2
Q

Examples of Hardware

A 
Monitors
cpu
Printers
mice
webcams
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3
Q

example input devices

A

Keyboard
mouse
Switches
Buttons

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4
Q

examples output devices

A

Monitors
led lights
printers
speakers

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5
Q

What is an input devices

A

A input device is a device that takes a set of digital inputs and feeds it to a computer

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6
Q

What is an output devices

A

A output devices takes a set of inputs and creates an output

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7
Q

Name three sensors

A 
Sound sensor
Heat sensor
Light level sensor
distance sensor
moisture sensor
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8
Q

what does a not gate look like?

A
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9
Q

what does a And gate look like

A
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10
Q

what does a or gate look like

A
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11
Q

what does a nand gate look like

A
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12
Q

what does nor gate look like

A
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13
Q

what does xor gate look like

A
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14
Q

What is a CPU and what is its role?

A

CPU (central processing unit) is responsible for processing all the instructions and data in a computer application

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15
Q

What are the features of von Neumann architecture?

A

» the concept of a central processing unit (CPU or processor)
» the CPU was able to access the memory directly
» computer memories could store programs as well as data
» stored programs were made up of instructions which could be executed in sequential order.

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16
Q

What is this logic gate symbol?

A

AND

17
Q

Is this a NOR or a XOR symbol?

A

NOR

18
Q

examples of high level programming languages

A

Scratch, python JS, J

19
Q

Examples of low levels language

A

Binary, assembly language

20
Q

advantages and disadvantages of low level languages

A

advantages disadvantages
You can make use of specific a chip .long and hard to understand
uses less space cant be modified after its written

21
Q

advantages and disadvantages of high level languages

A

Easier to read . uses more space
you can debug and rewrite a program easily .needs a compiler

22
Q

What are Translators

A

A program must be translated into binary for a computer to understand. this is done using translators.

23
Q

What are compilers

A

A Compiler is a program that translates high-level language to machine code so it can execute its task.

24
Q

What are interpreters

A

It is a program that reads a statement from a script and performed the action specified, then moves on to the following line.

25
Q

What are 3 features of system software?

A
  1. A set of programs to control and manage the operation of computer hardware
  2. Provides a platform on which other software can run
  3. Controls the allocation and usage of hardware resources.
26
Q

What are 3 features of application software?

A
  1. Allows a user to perform specific tasks using the computer’s resources
  2. may be a single program (for example, NotePad) or a suite of programs (for
    example, Microsoft Office)
  3. user can execute the software as and when they require.
27
Q

Explain what CLI means

A

Command Line Interface - when a user types commands for the computer to carry out operations

28
Q

Explain what GUI means

A

Graphical User Interface - allows user to interact with the computer using pictures and icons, rather than typing commands

29
Q

What are some functions of a typical operating system?

A
  1. Human Computer Interface (HCI)
  2. Platform for running of application software
  3. Management of user accounts
  4. Managing files
  5. Security (manages login, password)
30
Q

What is ‘memory management’?

A
  • manages the primary storage (RAM) and allows data to be moved between RAM and HDD/SSD
  • Carries out memory protection to ensure that no two applications are using the same memory location
31
Q

What is ‘security management’?

A

OS ensures the integrity, confidentiality and availability of data, such as:

  • carrying out OS updates
  • anti-virus software
  • communicating with firewalls
  • offering the ability of recovery of data
32
Q

Give 3 examples of utility software

A
  1. Anti-virus software
  2. File compression and file management
  3. Back-up software
33
Q

Is ‘defragmentation software’ a utility programme?

A

Yes - defragmentation software is used for a HDDs

Computer Science EDEXCEL GCSE (IN PROGRESS) (6 decks)

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