Chapter 3 - Grape Varieties Flashcards
What is the Genus Name for Wine Grapes?
Vitis.
What is the Species of wine grapes within the Genus?
Vinifera.
Where did the vinifera vines develop (potentially) originally?
Caucasus Mountains region - located between Europe and Asia.
What is the term to describe a vine subspecies?
Grape Varieties.
What are other example of a grape species?
Vitis Labrusca - ***
Vitis Riparia,
Vitis Aestivalis
Vitis Rupestris
What are Vitis Labrusca grapes used for? What are they described as?
Labrusca Grapes were found to be native to America and are mostly used in unfermented ways.
They are appreciated for their sweet and flavorful characteristics and consumed mostly fresh.
When Fermented they tend to have a high acidity and area known to have a foxy character. Not desirable in fermented form.
What is another important aspect of the Vitis Labrusca Grape ?
The vinifera part of the vine, known as the Scion could be grafted onto the trunk, or rootstock, of North American vines to achieve a Phylloxera resistant Plant.
Describe the term Species?
A scientific grouping of plants or animals that are genetically similar, have broad characteristics in common, and can produce viable offspring through sexual reproduction.
The most important Grapevine species include Vinifera, and Labrusca.
What is a variety?
A Variety is a subspecies. In winegrowing a variety is an identifiable group of vines of the same spieces that share many characteristics of appearance, flavor, and growth.
EX. Chardonnay, syrah
Describe the term Cross, or Crossing?
A cross is the offspring of sexual reproduction between different subspecies within the same species.
Example
Cabernet Sauvignon
Sauvignon Blanc + Cabernet Franc
Thanks Carol Meredith!!
Describe the term Clone?
In commercial viticulture, virtually all grape varieties are reproduced via vegetative Propagation.
This involves a cutting or offshoot from a single parent vine that is encouraged to sprout roots and produce a new plant.
Initially considered an identical plant. But some characteristics can change and the new plant may express itself in different ways or adapt to its new surroundings.
With these changes it may be considered a new clone. not so different to be considered a new variety.
Ex. Pinot Noir
Dijon, Pommard, 447, 115
Describe the term Mutation?
a grape that has via successive adaptation developed characteristics distinct enough from the parent or other plants to be considered a different variety altogether.
EX Pinot Noir
Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris
Describe the term Hybrid?
The result of sexual reproduction between two closely related but different species.
EX Vitis Vinifera and Vitis Labrusca
Over the years these have been made inorder to combat things like powdery Mildew, phylloxera, cold weather, humidity.
Hybrids struggle to develop significant tannins and tend to be quite acidic.
ex. Vidal Blanc, Seyval Blanc, Baco Noir
