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Psychology of Human Sexuality > Chapter 3: Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Vulva

A

The external genitals of the female, including the pubic hair, mons veneris, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and urinary and vaginal openings.

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2
Q

Mons veneris

A

A triangular mound over the pubic bone above the vulva.

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3
Q

Labia majora

A

The outer lips of the vulva.

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4
Q

Labia minora

A

The inner lips of the vulva, one on each side of the vaginal opening.

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5
Q

Clitoral hood/prepuce

A

The foreskin or fold of skin over the clitoris.

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6
Q

Gynecology

A

The medical practice specializing in women’s health and in diseases of the female reproductive and sexual organs.

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7
Q

Clitoris

A

A highly sensitive structure of the female external genitals, the only function of which is sexual pleasure.

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8
Q

Clitoral glans

A

The head of the clitoris, which is richly endowed with nerve endings.

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9
Q

Clitoral shaft

A

The length of the clitoris between the glans and the body.

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10
Q

Clitoral complex

A

A sexually reactive complex of structures in the vulva and vagina that engorge with blood during sexual arousal.

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11
Q

Crura

A

The innermost tips of the cavernous bodies that connect to the pubic bones.

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12
Q

Vestibule

A

The area of the vulva inside the labia minora (contains the urinary and vaginal openings).

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13
Q

Urethra

A

The tube through which urine passes from the bladder.

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14
Q

Introitus

A

The opening to the vagina.

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15
Q

Hymen

A

Tissue that partially covers the vaginal opening. This can be flexible and may break during a female’s first sexual intercourse or from nonsexual phsyical activity.

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16
Q

Perineum

A

The area between the vagina and anus of females and the scrotum and anus of males.

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17
Q

Cavernous bodies

A

The structures in the shaft of the clitoris that engorge with blood during sexual arousal.

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18
Q

Vestibular bulbs

A

Two bulbs, one on each side of the vaginal opening, that engorge with blood during sexual arousal.

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19
Q

Bartholin’s glands

A

Two small glands slightly inside the vaginal opening that secrete a few drops of fluid during sexual arousal.

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20
Q

Vagina

A

A stretchable canal in the female that opens at the vulva and extends about 3 to 5 inches into the pelvis.

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21
Q

Speculum

A

An instrument used to open the vaginal walls during a gynecological exam.

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22
Q

Mucosa

A

Collective term for the mucous membranes; moist tissue that lines certain body areas such as the penile urethra, vagina, and mouth.

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23
Q

Rugae

A

The folds of tissue in the vagina.

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24
Q

Grafenberg spot

A

Glands and ducts in the anterior wall of the vagina. Some females experience sexual pleasure, arousal, orgasm, and an ejaculation of fluids from stimulation of the Grafenberg spot.

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25
Q

Kegel exercises

A

A series of exercises that strengthen the muscles underlying the external female or male genitals.

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26
Q

Vasocongestion

A

The engorgement of blood vessels in particular body parts in response to sexual arousal.

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27
Q

Douching

A

Rinsing out the vagina with plain water or a variety of solutions. It is usually unnecessary for hygiene and douching can result in vaginal irritation.

28
Q

Cervix

A

The small end of the uterus, located at the back of the vagina.

29
Q

Os

A

The opening in the cervix that leads to the interior of the uterus.

30
Q

Uterus

A

A pear-shaped organ inside the female pelvis, within which the fetus develops. The uterine wall has 3 layers.

31
Q

Peremetrium

A

The thin membrane covering the outside of the uterus.

32
Q

Myometrium

A

The smooth muscle layer of the uterine wall.

33
Q

Endometrium

A

The tissue that lines the inside of the uterine wall.

34
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

Two tubes, extending from the sides of the uterus, in which the egg and sperm travel.

35
Q

Fimbriae

A

Fringelike ends of the fallopian tubes, into which the released ovum enters.

36
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

A pregnancy that occurs when a fertilized ovum implants outside the uterus, most commonly in a fallopian tube.

37
Q

Ovaries

A

Female gonads that produce ova and sex hormones.

38
Q

Ovulation

A

The release of a mature ovum from the ovary.

39
Q

Menstruation

A

The sloughing off of the built-up uterine lining that takes place if conception has not occurred.

40
Q

Menarche

A

The initial onset of menstrual periods in a young female (1st period).

41
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

A pituitary hormone secreted by a female during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. FSH stimulates the development of ovarian follicles. In males it stimulates sperm production.

42
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

The hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates ovulation in the female. In males it is called the interstitial cell hormone (ISCH) and stimulates production of androgens by the testes.

43
Q

Corpus luteum

A

A yellowish body that forms on the ovary at the site of the ruptured follicle and secretes progesterone.

44
Q

Menstrual phase

A

The phase of the menstrual cycle during which menstruation occurs.

45
Q

Proliferative phase

A

The phase of the menstrual cycle during which the ovarian follicles mature.

46
Q

Secretory phase

A

The phase of the menstrual cycle during which the corpus luteum develops and secretes progesterone.

47
Q

Blastocyst

A

Multicellular descendant of the united sperm and ovum that implants on the wall of the uterus.

48
Q

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

A

Symptoms of physical discomfort and emotional irritability that occur 2 to 12 days before menstruation.

49
Q

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PDD)

A

Premenstrual symptoms severe enough to significantly disrupt functioning.

50
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Pain or discomfort before or during menstruation.

  1. Primary dysmenorrhea: occurs during menstruation
  2. Secondary dysmenorrhea: occurs before/after menstruation
51
Q

Prostaglandins

A

Hormones that induce uterine contractions.

52
Q

Endometriosis

A

A condition in which uterine tissue grows on various parts of the abdominal cavity.

53
Q

Amenorrhea

A

The absence of menstruation.

  1. Primary amenorrhea: failure to begin menstruation at puberty.
  2. Secondary amenorrhea: Disruption of an established menstrual cycle (3 months or more)
54
Q

Climacteric

A

The physiological changes that occur during the transition period from fertility to infertility in both sexes.

55
Q

Perimenopause

A

The time period before menopause when estrogen is decreasing, which can last up to 10 years.

56
Q

Menopause

A

Cessation of menstruation as a result of the aging process or surgical removal of the ovaries.

57
Q

Hormone therapy

A

The use of supplemental hormones during and after menopause or following surgical removal of the ovaries.

58
Q

Vaginitis

A

Inflammation of the vaginal walls caused by a variety of vaginal infections.

59
Q

Pap smear

A

A screening test for cancer of the cervix.

60
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Surgical removal of the uterus.

61
Q

Oophorectomy

A

Surgical removal of the ovaries.

62
Q

Secondary sex characteristics

A

The physical characteristics other than genitals that indicate sexual maturity, such as body hair, breasts, and deepened voice.

63
Q

Mammary glands

A

Glands in the female breast that produce milk.

64
Q

Mammography

A

A highly sensitive X-ray test for the detection of breast cancer.

65
Q

Mastectomy

A

Surgical removal of the breast(s).

Psychology of Human Sexuality (12 decks)

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