Chapter 3 - Federalism

Question 1

“Necessary and proper” clause

Answer 1

Section of the constitution allowing congress to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to its duties, and which has permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated) by the Constitution

Question 2

Nullification

Answer 2

The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state’s opinion, violates the Constitution

Question 3

Dual federalism

Answer 3

Doctrine holding that the national government is supreme in its sphere, the states are supreme in theirs, and the two spheres should be kept separate

Question 4

Police power

Answer 4

State power to enact laws promoting health, safety, and morals

Question 5

Initiative

Answer 5

Process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot

Question 6

Referendum

Answer 6

Procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature

Question 7

Recall

Answer 7

Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office

Question 8

Grants - in - aid

Answer 8

Money given by the national government to the states

Question 9

Categorical grants

Answer 9

Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport

Question 10

Conditions of aid

Answer 10

Terms set by the national government that states just meet if they are to receive certain federal funds

Question 11

Mandates

Answer 11

Terms set by the National government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants

Question 12

Waiver

Answer 12

A decision by administrative agency granting some other part permission to violate law or rule that would otherwise apply to it

Question 13

Federalism

Answer 13

Government authority shared by national and local governments

Question 14

City

Answer 14

Municipal corporation

Question 15

Special - act charter

Answer 15

Applies to a certain city and lists what that city can and cannot do

Question 16

General - act charter

Answer 16

Applies to a number of cities that fall within a certain classification usually based on city population

Question 17

Dillion’s rule

Answer 17

authorizes a municipality to exercise only those powers expressly given, implied by, or essential to the accomplishment of its enumerated powers

Question 18

Home-rule charter

Answer 18

Allows a city government to do anything not prohibited by the charter or state law

Question 19

Ordinances

Answer 19

City laws

Question 20

Counties

Answer 20

Largest territorial units between a state and a city or town

Question 21

Sovereignty

Answer 21

Supreme or ultimate political authority

Question 22

Unitary system

Answer 22

One in which sovereignty is wholly in the hands of the national government, so that the states and localities are dependent on its will

Question 23

Confederation or confederal system

Answer 23

One in which states are sovereign and the national government is allowed to do only that which the states permit

Question 24

Federal system

Answer 24

One in which sovereignty is,shared, so that I some matters the national government is supreme and in other matters the states are supreme

Question 25

Federal regime

Answer 25

One in which local units of government have a specially protected existence and can make so,e final decisions over some governmental activities