CHAPTER 3: EXPLORING DIVERSITY OF MATTER BY ITS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Flashcards
What is an element?
An element is the basic building block of matter and cannot be broken down into simpler substances
What is a compound? Give an example.
A compound is made up of 2 or more elements that are chemically combined and have a fixed proportion. H2o(hydrogen and water)
solid-gas
sublimation
oxygen-
oxide
sulfur
sulfide
iodine
iodide
chlorine
chloride
flourine
flouride
bromine
bromide
what are reactants?
the starting materials
what are products?
the new substance(s) produced from the reaction
What are physical changes? Give examples. Are they reversible?
Physical changes is when there is a change in the physical appearance of a substance like changing of state. Yes some physical changes are reversible meaning the change can be undone and the substance goes back to how it is.
What is a chemical change? Give examples. Are they reversible?
When new substances are created from the change like when there is a colour change, light, heat or gas is produced. They are usually not reversible as the chemical properties of the substances has already changed.
sodium chloride-
sodium+chlorine= salt
calcium carbonate-marble
calcium, carbon, oxygen
what are the properties of compounds?
compounds have different properties from their constituent elements.
what are mixtures?
mixtures are more than 2 elements or compounds that are not chemically combined.
What are the properties of mixtures?
They have the same characteristics as their constituent compounds/elements
what is a solution?
a solution is a mixture where a substance(solute) is dissolved in another substance.(solvent)
What is a solution with a low % of dissolved solute called?
diluted solution
What is a solution with a high % of dissolved solute called?
concentrated solution
What are substances that are able to be dissolved in a solvent called?
Soluble
What are substances that are not able to be dissolved in a solvent called?
Insoluble
What factors affect the rate of dissolving?
The temperature of the solvent, size of solute particles, amount of solvent, rate of stirring