Chapter 3 - Embryology Flashcards
Parent cells that produces oocytes are called ______.
oogonia
During metaphase I, the alignment of paired chromosomes has ______.
some maternal chromosomes on the left side of the equator and some on the right side
Which prenatal time period is the longest?
Fetal period
The secondary oocyte is surrounded by a layer of cells called the corona ______ and a layer of proteins called the ______ pellucida.
radiata, zona
In anaphase I each replicated chromosome contains ______.
two sister chromatids
At the end of telophase I, each daughter cell contains ______.
23 replicated chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatids
Oogenesis is the process of _____
development.
oocyte
During metaphase I chromosomes line up forming a ______ line of chromosomes.
double
When do primary oocytes become secondary oocytes in a female?
When menstrual cycles begin
A secondary oocyte is surrounded by a ring of proteins and glycoproteins called the ______.
zona pellucida
Which of the following occurs during anaphase I?
Chromosomes are pulled to the opposite ends of the cell.
When does the nuclear membrane reform?
Telophase I
A zygote is produced by combining the nucleus of an ovum with the nucleus of a
sperm
Primary oocytes are arrested in which phase from birth until puberty?
Prophase I
The parent cells that produce sperm are called ______.
spermatogonia
When does “reduction division” occur?
Anaphase I
A zygote is a ______ cell.
single diploid cell
When does fertilization usually occur?
Within 12-24 hours after ovulation
In fertilization, the male’s sperm and the female’s secondary oocyte unite to form a _____.
zygote
Where does fertilization usually occur?
The ampulla of the uterine tube
Capacitation prepares the ______, the membranous cap at the head of the sperm, for fertilization.
acrosome
A membranous cap filled with digestive enzymes at the head of a sperm is called ______.
an acrosome
How many sperm fertilize each egg?
1
Sperm penetrate the zona pellucida before or after they penetrate the corona radiata?
after
