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US Government > Chapter 3 Content > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Content Flashcards

US Constitution Vocab/Overview

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1
Q

1

What are the 6 major principles that the Constitution is based on?

A

Popular Sovereignty
Federalism
Separation Of Powers
Checks and Balances
Judicial Review
Limited Government

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2
Q

1

What is Popular Sovereignty?

A

When people are the source of government power

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3
Q

1

What is Federalism?

A

It is a formatting of government where power is divided between the state and national government

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4
Q

1

What is Separation of Powers?

A

It’s where the 3 branches of government all have different distinct powers, separate from each other.

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5
Q

1

What is Checks and Balances?

A

It is where each branch of government has some powers to control and keep the other branches of government accountable to the Constitution. The branches can limit each other’s power.

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6
Q

1

What is Judicial Review?

A

It is a form of Checks and Balances, for the Judicial Branch.

It is when courts declare that a law/action from Congress or the President, in unconstitutional. The Judicial Branch can strike that law down.

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7
Q

1

What is Limited Government?

A

It is where the US Constitution limits the power of the government, by explicitly stating the authority and powers that each branch has.

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8
Q

1

What does Article 1 of the Constitution cover?

A

The Legislative Branch. Powers of Congress

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9
Q

1

What does Article 2 of the Constitution cover?

A

Executive Branch. Powers of President

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10
Q

1

What does Article 3 of the Constitution cover?

A

Judicial Branch. Powers of Supreme Court. How Congress appoints federal courts, below Supreme Court. Defines Treason

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11
Q

1

What does Article 4 of the Constitution cover?

A

Relationships between State and National government.

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12
Q

1

What does Article 5 of the Constitution cover?

A

Ways to amend Constitution

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13
Q

1

What does Article 6 of the Constitution cover?

A

Supremacy Clause, which says that National Government is supreme to State Government

(Section 2)

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14
Q

1

What does Article 7 of the Constitution cover?

A

Addresses ratification process from Constitution.

Doesn’t matter to us today

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15
Q

1

How many Amendments are there?

A

27

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16
Q

1

What is the name of the first 10 Amendments?

A

Bill of Rights

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17
Q

1

What is an Amendment?

A

It is a change or addition to the Constitution

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18
Q

1

What was the major principle/precedent which Marbury vs Madison set?

A

Judicial Review.

The court ruled that John Adams adding a bunch of new positions in the government was unconstitutional.

The court struck it down. No positions were added

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19
Q

Active Listening Questions #1.

What article of Constitution says federal law is supreme over state law?

What major principle (out of the 6) says that we are a democracy?

What major principle (out of the 6) was applied to the Supreme Court case Marbury vs Madison?

What Article says that the House of Representatives has the power to impeach the President?

What Article says you must be 35 years old to be president?

What major principle (out of the 6) says Congress can override a presidential veto?

A

Article 6

Popular Sovereignty

Judicial Review

Article 1

Article 2

Checks and Balances

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20
Q

2

What is the source of expressed powers, given to Congress.

A

The enumerated powers, explicitly stating what Congress can do.

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21
Q

2

Name of two chambers in Congress

A

House of Representatives

Senate

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22
Q

2

What are the 2 different types of enumerated powers that Congress has?

A

Economic legislation

Defense Legislation

23
Q

2

What are the 5 powers of Economic Legislation which Congress has?

A

Power to tax
Power to borrow money
Power to regulate commerce
Power to coin money
Power to punish counterfeiters

24
Q

2

Out of the 7 powers Congress has in Defense Legislation, which two are the most important/significant?

A

Declare War

Fund/regulate/call forth the armed forces

25
Q

2

What are the five other powers of Congress (not concerning defence or economy)?

A

Naturalize citizens
Establish post offices
Secure patents/copyrights
Establish courts
Govern Washington DC

26
Q

What part of the Constitution says Congress can stretch their powers/ source of Congress’ implied powers?

A

Elastic Clause

27
Q

2

What are 4 main powers of the President?

A
  1. Commander in Chief of the US Armed Forces
  2. Appoint executive departments, ambassadors, federal judges, etc with Senate’s consent
  3. Pardon people convicted of federal crimes
  4. Makes treaties with Senate’s consent
28
Q

What is the one Court directly derived from Article 3, and how are other courts made?

A

Supreme Court is only Court directly stated.

Congress makes other federal courts

29
Q

2

How many systems of court in Judiciary System, and what are they called?

A

2

Federal courts

State Courts

30
Q

Active Listening Questions #2.

What is Congress’ source of expressed powers?

What is Congress’ source of implied powers?

Give an example of an implied power.

What part of Constitution states what Congress can NOT do?

What are the 2 of the most important prohibited powers?

Who must the president have consent from before appointing someone?

A

Enumerated Powers. Article 1 Section 8

Elastic Clause. Article 1 Section 8

Since Congress has authority to raise an army, this means they can buy weapons, uniforms, initiate a draft, etc

Article 1 Section 9

Congress cannot suspend Writ of Habeas Corpus unless in time of war/invasion. Congress cannot establish Ex Post Facto law.

The Senate.

31
Q

3

What is the first way an Amendment can be proposed and approved?

A

Proposed by 2/3 vote of Congress in each house.

Approved by 3/4 of states ratifying it

OR

Approved by each state calling a special ratifying convention. 3/4 of these conventions approve the Amendment.

32
Q

3

What is the second way an Amendment can be proposed and approved?

A

Proposed by a national convention called by Congress, at request of 2/3 of states.

Ratified by 3/4 state legislature

33
Q

3

What proposed amendment was approved but never ratified?

A

Proposition for requiring the federal government to have a balanced budget (cant spend more than you tax).

34
Q

3

Which Amendment covers Presidential Succession?

A

25th Amendment

35
Q

3

What is Judicial Restraint?

A

Courts should not take the initiative on social and political questions. Courts should try to stay out of it.

36
Q

3

What is Judicial Activism?

A

The court taking a role to shape the nation’s policies

37
Q

4

What does the first amendment guarantee us?

A

Freedom of
Speech
Religion
Press
Assemble
Petition the government

38
Q

4

What does the second amendment guarantee us?

A

Right to bear arms (own weapons).

39
Q

4

What does the third amendment protect us from?

A

Prohibits quartering of soldiers in your house

40
Q

4

What does the fourth amendment protect us from?

A

Prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures.
Government needs a search warrant to search/seize.

41
Q

4

What rights does the fifth amendment give us? (for criminals)

A

No double jeopardy

No forced self-incrimination

Fair trial. No unjust imprisonment

Government can’t take your property, without compensation

42
Q

4

What rights does the 6th amendment give us? (for criminals)

A

Right to fair and speedy trial

Right to a lawyer

Right to know charges against you

Right to have witnesses help you

43
Q

4

What does 7th Amendment guarantee us?

A

Right to trial by jury in certain civil cases, it if exceeds a certain dollar value

44
Q

4

What does 8th Amendment protect us from? (for criminals)

A

Prohibits excessive fines, bails, as well as cruel/unusual punishments

45
Q

4

What does the 9th Amendment say?

A

Protects rights (for the people), not listed in the Constitution

46
Q

4

What does the 10th Amendment say?

A

Any powers not given to federal government, are given to State government or the people

47
Q

4

What does the 22nd Amendment say?

A

A President cannot serve more than 2 terms.

48
Q

4

What does the 25th Amendment say?

A

If President dies/removed from office, the Vice President is the President

49
Q

4

What does the 26th Amendment say?

A

When you turn 18, you can vote

50
Q

Active Listening Questions 4.

What Amendment says:

a. States get power if not assigned to federal gov

b. You can vote when you’re 18 years old

c. Cruel punishment prohibited

d. You can protest

e. Army cant sleep in your house

f. Right to a speedy trial, for criminals cases

A

a. 10th Amendment
b. 26th Amendment
c. 8th Amendment
d. First Amendment
e. 3rd Amendment
f. 6th Amendment

51
Q

+

What are the 3 requirements in order to run for House of Representatives?

A
  1. At least 25 yrs old
  2. US Citizen for at least 7 years
  3. Lives in state he/she represents
52
Q

+

What are the 3 requirements in order to run for Senate?

A
  1. At least 30 yrs old
  2. US Citizen for at least 9 years
  3. Lives in state he/she represents
53
Q

+

What are the 3 requirements in order to run for President?

A
  1. At least 35 yrs old
  2. Must be natural born citizen (born in US)
  3. Must have lived in US for at least 14 years

US Government (2 decks)

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