Chapter 3- Classification Flashcards
Assimilate
Take in and process
Excrete
Get rid of waste
Dead
Once alive but now not alive
Non-Living
Not ever alive, as distinct from the dead
Cryptobiosis
a state of suspended metabolism into which an organism enters in response to extreme adverse conditions until such time as conditions are favourable again, at which point normal metabolism is resumed
Unicellular
Describes an organism having only one cell
Multicellular
Having many cells. Most plants and animals are multicellular
Protoctistan
Organism classified as belonging to the Protoctista Kingdom
Prokaryotic
A type of cell in which there are no membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus. Eukaryotic cells do not contain a nuclues
Virus
Small particle that is able to grow and reproduce only inside living cells. The cells are destroyed as the virus leaves the cell. It is debatable wether a virus is a living organism
Viroids
Smallest known infectious agent made up of very short pieces of naked RNA
Prions
Abnormal and infectious proteins that cause a variety of degenerative neurological diseases
Kingdoms
A scientific classification referring to a group of related phyla with similar features and distinctive characteristics
Species
a group of animals with many features in common. Members of the same species can mate with each other to produce fertile young under natural conditions
Etymology
the study of words, their origin and their grammar
Binomial Nomenclature
the system of naming organisms developed by Linnaeus. The first term is the genus to which it belongs and the second term is a descriptive name
Dichotomous
a diagram used to classify things, by grouping them into smaller and smaller groups that are more and more alike, based on choosing one of two features
Vertebrates
Animals with no backbones
Invertebrates
Animals without backbones
Exoskeletons
Skeleton or shell that lies outside the body
Endoskeleton
Skeleton or shell inside the body
Radial Symmetry
a property of an object in which it is symmetrical about one axis
Bilateral symmetry
symmetrical or looking the same along one plane
Verterbrae
The small bones that make up the backbone in vertebrates
Verterbral column
the spine, or backbone, made up of many small bones called vertebrae
Placental mammal
the order of mammals in which the young grow inside the mother, receiving nutrition via a cord attached to the placenta, and are born at a well-developed stage
Marsupials
The order of non-placental mammals that are born at a very early stage of development and then grow inside their mother’s pouch
Monotremes
the order of non-placental mammals that lay leathery-shelled eggs and secrete milk through pores in the skin
Arthropods
Animal that has an exoskeleton, a segmented body and jointed legs (e.g. insects, crabs)
Proboscis
A long feeding tube attached to the head of some insects. It sometimes rolls up when not in use.
Entomological
Relating to insects
Tracheophyta
Plants with a vascular system
Vascular tissue
Structures which transports liquids
Xylem
xylem tissue carries water and minerals from the roots of plants to all other parts of the plant. It consists of long hollow tubes made up of the remains of dead cells
Phloem
cells carry the food made in the leaves to all parts of the plant
