Chapter 3: Chord progressions

Question 1

What is harmonic progression?

Answer 1

Any two or more chords heard in succession.

Question 2

What is chord progression?

Answer 2

Particular successions of chords.

Question 3

What is the term used to describe harmony in the Baroque to Romantic eras?

Answer 3

Functional harmony which maintains a key.

Question 4

What is a tonic group?

Answer 4

Chord I and occasional alternatives, such as VI.

Question 5

What is a dominant group?

Answer 5

Chord V, V7, and chord VII (usually in first inversion, as VIIb).

Question 6

What is a subdominant group?

Answer 6

Chord IV, plus chords II and II7.

Question 7

What is the strongest chord progression?

Answer 7

V7-I.

Question 8

What is a perfect cadence?

Answer 8

V/I.

Question 9

How can the bass + soprano be used to strengthen a perfect cadence?

Answer 9

Descent of the bass from V-I + ascent of the soprano from note 7 to note 8.

Question 10

What is a substitute chord for V7?

Answer 10

viib.

Question 11

How to approach a perfect cadence?

Answer 11

Chords from subdominant group, then chord from dominant group, then chord I from tonic group.

Question 12

What is a cadential 6/4?

Answer 12

Type of perfect cadence including the descent of notes 6+4 to notes 5+3 from chord Ic-V.

Question 13

What is an interrupted cadence?

Answer 13

Perfect cadence but replacing chord I with another chord, such as vi.

Question 14

What is an imperfect cadence?

Answer 14

Progression to chord V.

Question 15

What is a plagal cadence?

Answer 15

Progression IV-I.

Question 16

What is the seven-chord circle of 5ths?

Answer 16

Movement of chords up by a perfect 4th or augmented 4th 7 times.

Question 17

What is a harmonic sequence?

Answer 17

Chord progression repeated at a different pitch.

Question 18

What are 3 other effective chord progressions?

Answer 18

Roots that rise by a 5th, roots that rise by a 2nd, roots that fall by a 3rd.

Question 19

What is a doo-wop progression?

Answer 19

Use of falling 3rds progression.

Question 20

What is a pedal?

Answer 20

Sustained or repeated note held in the bass part.

Question 21

What is an inverted pedal?

Answer 21

Pedal played at the top of the texture.

Question 22

What is an inner pedal?

Answer 22

Pedal played in an inner part.

Question 23

What is the most common modulation in the Baroque and Classical eras?

Answer 23

Modulation to the dominant.

Question 24

What is a pivot chord?

Answer 24

Chord that exists both in the old key and the new.

Question 25

What is a secondary dominant?

Answer 25

Major chord whose root is a perfect 5th above any note of the scale except the tonic.

Question 26

What chord does the secondary dominant usually shape as?

Answer 26

V7.

Question 27

What is tierce de Picardie?

Answer 27

A major chord played at the end of a minor piece.

Question 28

What is harmonic rhythm?

Answer 28

Rate at which chords change.