Chapter 3 - Cells: The Basic Units of Life Flashcards
Cell Membrane
a protective layer that covers the cell’s surface and acts as a barrier.
Organelle
structures that perform specific functions within the cell.
Nuclues
in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
prokaryote
an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a neclues
eukaryote
an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaea or bacteria
Cell Wall
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
ribosome
cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum
a system of membranes that is found in a cell’s cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and the production of lipids.
mitochondrion
in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration
Golgi Complex
Cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell
vesicle
a small cavity or sac that contains materials in an eukaryotic cell
lysosome
a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
tissue
a group of similar cells that perform a common function
organ
a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
organ system
a group of organs that work together to perform body functions
