Chapter 3 Cells

Question 1

Psalm 139:13-14: For you created my inmost being; you ________ me together in my mother’s womb. I praise you because I am fearfully and ______________________ made; your works are wonderful, I know that full well.

Answer 1

knit/wonderfully

Question 2

A thin covering that forms the outer boundary of a cell

Answer 2

hydrophobic

Question 3

The ends of phospholipids that like to be in water (points toward the outside of the cell)

Answer 3

hydrophilic

Question 4

The cell membrane is a lipid _________________ composed of two layers of phosopholipids.

Answer 4

bilayer

Question 5

The cell membrane is often described by the __________ _______________ model where the lipid molecules form a flexible (fluid) film in which proteins are embedded, making different patterns (mosaics).

Answer 5

fluid mosaic

Question 6

T/F: Cell membranes are selectively permeable membranes: they allow any molecule to pass through.

Answer 6

False: Cell membranes are selectively permeable membranes: they allow ONLY CERTAIN molecules to pass through.

Question 7

The movement through the cell membrane is called…..?

Answer 7

transport

Question 8

Transport can happen in what 2 ways?

Answer 8

passive transport

active transport

Question 9

The movement of molecules from a place where there are many molecules (a high concentration) to a place where there are few molecules (a low concentration).

Answer 9

diffusion

Question 10

Give an example of diffusion in the air

Answer 10

molecules leaving a perfume bottle & spreading through the air

Question 11

Give an example of diffusion in the air

Answer 11

molecules leaving a perfume bottle & spreading through the air

Question 12

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Answer 12

Osmosis

Question 13

During active transport, the direction of movement is from __________ concentration to ______________concentration.

Answer 13

low/high

Question 14

All cells have an outermost boundary called the ________ ____________________.

Answer 14

cell membrane

Question 15

Inside the cell membrane is the _____________ (a thick fluid that contains many small ________________).

Answer 15

cytoplasm/organelles

Question 16

What functions in breaking down sugar molecules to release energy for the cell?

Answer 16

mitochondria

Question 17

A maze of passageways formed by a folded membrane that runs through the cytoplasm.

Answer 17

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

Functions as the cell delivery system (allows substances to travel from one part of the cell to another through canals)

Answer 18

endoplasmic reticululm

Question 19

Tiny organelles that direct the assembling of protein

Answer 19

ribosomes

Question 20

T/F: Ribosomes float through the cytoplasm or are attached to membranes.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What collects chemicals from the cytoplasm, packages them, moves them to the edges, then pinches them off to release them from the cell?

Answer 21

Gogli apparatus

Question 22

What are organelles that look like bubbles & serve as storage containers in the cytoplasm of some cells?

Answer 22

vacuoles

Question 23

Vacuoles full of water have _____________ turgor pressure making the leaves crisp.

Answer 23

high

Question 24

Vacuoles that lack water result in ____________ leaves.

Answer 24

wilted

Question 25

Most cells have tiny enzyme-filled capsules called ________________

Answer 25

lysomes

Question 26

Lysomes _______________ away cellular structures that are no longer needed.

Answer 26

dissolve

Question 27

Plant cells have ____________________ which contain substances for photosynthesis.

Answer 27

chloroplast

Question 28

Chloroplasts are made of an outer membrane and stacks of inner membranes that contain the green pigment called ___________________.

Answer 28

chlorophyll

Question 29

Many short, hair-like projections on the cell are called?

Answer 29

cillia

Question 30

Longer hair-like projections on the cell (there are usually only 1 or 2)

Answer 30

flagella

Question 31

Know how to label the nucleus, cillia, and mitochondria on the cell diagram

Answer 31

see diagram on notes

Question 32

Similarities: eukaryotes, have nucleus, have organelles that are surrounded by membranes
Differences: plant cells have chloroplast and a central vacuole

Answer 32

How are plant and animal cells similar & different?

Question 33

The compact, roundish structure that is the control center for the cell (similar to the main office of a factory).

Answer 33

nucleus

Question 34

The nucleus contains ______________.

Answer 34

DNA

Question 35

A nucleus is found in _________________, ___________________, and _____________________ cells.

Answer 35

plant
animal
eukaryotic

Question 36

Eukaryotic cells have a __________ ________________.

Answer 36

true nucleus

Question 37

Kingdoms Archaebacteria and Eubacteria contain ______________________ organisms - bacteria.

Answer 37

prokaryotic

Question 38

In what 2 ways do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ?

Answer 38

1. Their genetic material is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
2. Prokaryotes contain only organelles that are not surrounded by a membrane.