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Patient Evaluation > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 classical vital signs(VS)

A

Temp
Pulse
RR
BP

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2
Q

What is also included in initial assessment

A

Height
weight
Level of consciousness and responsiveness
General clinical impression

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3
Q

When should baseline measurements be taken

A

Upon admission
Beginning of the shift
Prior to Tx or procedure
When there is a change in pt’s condition

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4
Q

Define Trending in VS

A

A series of VS measurements over time

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5
Q

Define differential diagnosis

A

This is comparison of multiple signs and symptoms to arrive at the pt’s diagnosis

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6
Q

What is referred by some clinicians as the “fifth vital sign”

A

Pain

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7
Q

The alert pt whose orientation to time,place and person is accurate is said to be ………….. and the sensorium is considered……….

A

oriented *3
Normal

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8
Q

True or False
An abnormal sensorium may also occur as a side effect of certain medications and in drug

A

True

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9
Q

In a Glasgow scale, the objective evaluation is based on behavioural response in which 3 areas

A

Motor function
Verbal function
Eye-opening response

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10
Q

When is body temp usually the lowest and when is it the highest

A

In the morning
In the late afternoon

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11
Q

What part of the brain plays an important role in regulating heat loss and can initiate peripheral vasodilation and sweating in an effort to dissipate body heat

A

Hypothalamus

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12
Q

An elevation of body temp above normal is known as

A

Hyperthermia

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13
Q

True or False
Fever most often results from infection somewhere in the body

A

True

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14
Q

What is the term used when the body temp is below normal

A

Hypothermia

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15
Q

Describe the breathing of patient with hypothermia

A

Slow and shallow breathing and a reduced pulse rate

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16
Q

Name the sites where body temp can be measured

A

Mouth
Ear
Axilla
Rectum

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17
Q

What are the common places to measure body temp in both kids and adults

A

Mouth
Tympanic

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18
Q

What is the normal pulse rate of an adult

A

60 - 100 bpm

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19
Q

A pulse rate exceeding 100 bpm in an adult is termed

A

Tachycardia

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20
Q

A pulse rate lower than 60bpm for an adult is termed

A

Bradycardia

21
Q

Which is the most common site for evaluation of the pulse

A

Radial

22
Q

Define Lethargic

A

sleepy, easily aroused and responds appropriately

23
Q

Define Obtunded

A

Difficult to arouse but responds appropriately

24
Q

Define stupor

A

Do not wake up completely,responds to pain and slow respiration

25
Q

Define comatose

A

Unconscious have loss of reflexes

26
Q

What is the name of the scale that is used to assess pts level of consciousness

A

Glasgow coma scale

27
Q

If a pt has below an 8 on the Glasgow scale what does it show and what should be done

A

Shows traumatic head injury
Intubation

28
Q

What are some other common sites available for assessment of the pulse

A

Branchial
Femoral
Carotid arteries

29
Q

If the strength and rhythm are normal and the pulse is irregular the pulse rate may be counted for 15 secs

A

False

Only when the pulse, strength and rhythm are normal can you count the rate for 15 secs

30
Q

What are the terms used to describe rhythm

A

Regular
Regularly
Irregular
Irregularly

31
Q

Describe bigeminy

A

rhythm coupled in pairs

32
Q

A rhythm grouped as 3 beats and a pause is known as

A

Trigeminy

33
Q

How long should you wait if a person has taken liquids or smoked before taking their pulse

A

10 - 15 mins

34
Q

Rate the pulse volume and fullness
0 -4 …Eg. 0: Absent

A

1+ : Weak, thready
2+ : Slightly reduced
3+ : Normal
4+ : Bounding

35
Q

What does pulse oximetry measure

A

HR and O2 saturation

36
Q

Normal RR for an adult

A

12 - 20

37
Q

True or False: A respiratory rate greater than 60 bpm is considered abnormal for any age and 40bpm is unusual for an adult

A

True

38
Q

The term used to describe respiratory rates above normal

A

Tachypnea

39
Q

A fast and deep breathing pattern is known as

A

Kussmaul breathing

40
Q

A slow RR is referred to as

A

Bradypnea

41
Q

Define systolic BP

A

Peak force exerted during contraction of the left ventricle

42
Q

Define diastolic BP

A

Force occuring when the heart is relaxed

43
Q

Define pulse pressure and what is the normal pulse pressure

A

It is the difference btn systolic and diastolic pressures
35 - 40 mmHg

44
Q

BP persistently at or above 130/80 mmHg is termed

A

Hypertension

45
Q

Defined as an arterial BP that is less than 90/60 mmHg in adults

A

Hypotension

46
Q

The most common technique for measuring arterial BP uses a

A

Sphygmomanometer

47
Q

Define the korotkoff sounds

A

Happens when blood flow in the artery resumes

48
Q
A

Patient Evaluation (3 decks)

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