Chapter 2 & 3

Question 1

What are some examples of constitutional symptoms?

Answer 1

Chills
fever
excessing sweating
Nausea

Question 2

What is included in demographic data

Answer 2

DOB, Occupation

Question 2

Who is the head of HPI and what does it stand for

Answer 2

HIPAA is the head of HPI
HPI- history of present illness

Question 2

Describe chief of complaint and examples

Answer 2

What brought them to seek medical care
e.g. cough, chest pain

Question 3

Describe HPI

Answer 3

Narrative description in detail of each symptom

Question 4

What does PQRST stand for

Answer 4

P: provocative/ palliative ( what makes it better/ worse)
Q: quality/ quantity ( how does it feel, look/ sound)
R: Region/radiation ( where is it? Does it spread?)
S: Severity/scale: Does it interfere with activities
T: Timing ( when did it begin?, how often does it occur)

Question 5

What does the past medical history include

Answer 5

Information that the pt has or done :
eg. immunization, allergies, surgeries and injuries

Question 6

Why is family history important?

Answer 6

It helps the people treating the patient if there are any hereditary diseases within the family

Question 7

How is smoking history calculated and why is it important?

Answer 7

Measures the smoking intensity
No of yrs smoked * No of packs smoked a day

Question 8

What kind of data is provided during review of systems? (objective or subjective)

Answer 8

Subjective

Question 9

Is given during physical examination, can be seen, felt, smelled or heard (signs)

Answer 9

Objective data

Question 10

Only evident to the patient,given during Review of system (symptoms)

Answer 10

Subjective data
eg. Cough, shortness of breath

Question 11

What is the most common symptom seen in pts with pulmonary disease

Answer 11

Cough

Question 12

What are the 3 phases of a cough

Answer 12

Inspiratory
Compress
Expiratory

Question 13

What are some examples of reduced effectiveness cough

Answer 13

Weakness of inspiratory and expiratory muscles
Decrease in lung recoil
Abnormal quantity or quality of mucus production
Obstruction

Question 14

What is the difference between Acute and Chronic

Answer 14

Acute: happens for less than 3 weeks. It’s short and sudden
Chronic: lasts for more than 3 weeks e.g. Asthma & COPD

Question 15

Describe a paroxysmal cough

Answer 15

Periodic
prolonged, forceful episodes

Question 16

What are the symptoms of cough

Answer 16

Dyspnea
Wheezing
Stridor
Chest pain

Question 17

Describe Bronchorrhea

Answer 17

More than 100 Ml of sputum a day

Question 18

What is the difference between Hematemesis and Hemoptysis

Answer 18

Hematemesis: vomited blood
&
Hemoptysis: blood in sputum

Question 19

What is the name of the chart that is used categorize dyspnea

Answer 19

Modified Borg Scale

Question 20

Describe Paroxysmal Noctural Dyspnea (PND)

Answer 20

Sudden dyspnea when sleeping in recumbent(flat) position
Associated with coughing

Question 21

What could PND be a sign of

Answer 21

Left heart failure

Question 22

Describe orthopnea

Answer 22

Dyspnea when lying down
associated with left heart failure

Question 23

Describe Trepopnea

Answer 23

Dyspnea when lying on one side

Question 24

Decsribe Platypnea

Answer 24

Dyspnea in an upright position

Question 25

Describe orthrodeoxia

Answer 25

Hypoxemia in upright position relieved by returning to recumbent position

Question 26

Seen in pts with right to left intracardiac shunts/ venoarterial shunts

Answer 26

Platypnea and orthodexia

Question 27

Which disease is the most recurring in children

Answer 27

Asthma

Question 28

What are some causes of chest pain

Answer 28

Cardiac ischemia
inflammatory disorders of thorax abdomen
musculoskeletal disorders
trauma
anxiety
Referred pain from indigestion, dissecting aortic aneurysm

Question 29

What are some cardinal symptoms of heart disease

Answer 29

Angina( related to heart attack)

Question 30

What are some causes of syncope

Answer 30

Thrombosis
Embolism
Atherosclerotic obstruction
Hypoxia
Hypocapnia

Question 31

Which is the most common type of syncope

Answer 31

Vasovagal

Question 32

Describe orthostatic hypotension

Answer 32

Sudden drop in BP when one stands

Question 33

Syncope caused by strong coughing and is most seen in men with COPD, obesity and a positive smoking history

Answer 33

Tussive Syncope

Question 34

Define Anascarca

Answer 34

Generalized edema

Question 35

What type of edema occurs often in the ankles and lower legs and is also caused by right and left heart failure

Answer 35

Bilateral peripheral edema

Question 36

Using the pitting edema scale; What does 0.6 -1.3 cm(1/4-1/2 in), refill time of 1-2 mins scaled at

Answer 36

Moderate (3+)

Question 37

Normal body temp

Answer 37

97-99.5 F ( 36- 37.5 C)

Question 38

Define intermittent fever

Answer 38

Daily elevation with a return to normal or subnormal between spikes

Question 39

Define Remittent fever

Answer 39

Continuously elevated with wide, usually diurnal variations

Question 40

Define relapsing fever

Answer 40

Recurring in bouts of several days interspersed with periods of normal temp

Question 41

Define Hyperthermia

Answer 41

Elevation of core body temps above normal

Question 42

It is a serious concern when associated with apnea and obesity is one of the most common cause

Answer 42

Snoring

Question 43

What are the peak ages of both male and female in terms of snoring

Answer 43

50-59 (male)
60-64(female)

Question 44

Define GERD(Gastroesophageal reflux)

Answer 44

Heartburn and regurgitation

Question 45

What are some risk factors associated with GERD

Answer 45

Obesity
Cigarette smoking
pregnancy