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BMGT 25 > chapter 3 - Bmgt 25 (Terms) > Flashcards

chapter 3 - Bmgt 25 (Terms) Flashcards

1
Q
  • is the scientific way of determining the requirements that goes into meeting production needs within the economic investment policies.
  • is a scientific technique which is concerned with the planning, organizing and controlling the flow of materials from their initial purchase through internal operation to the distribution to the service points
A

Material Management

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2
Q
  • to gain economy in purchasing
  • to satisfy the demand during period of replenishment
  • to carry reserve stock to avoid stock out
  • to stabilize fluctuations in consumption
  • to provide reasonable level of client services
  • to have materials in hand when needed
  • to pay lowest possible price, consistent with quality and value requirement
  • to minimize inventory investment
  • to operate efficiently

AIM OF MM (_________________)

A

Material Management

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3
Q
  1. Right Quality.
  2. Right Quantity.
  3. Right Price.
  4. Right Source and at the.
  5. Right Time & Place

Is the basic __________ of mm is to get the materials?

A

principle

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4
Q
  • High inventory turnover
  • Low procurement and storage cost
  • Continuity of supply
  • Consistency in quality
  • Cordial relationship with supplier
  • Development of vendors
  • Good information system
  • Low storage cost
  • Good records

In Objectives of Material Management are example of _________

A

Primary

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5
Q
  • Economic forecasting
  • Inter-department harmony
  • Product improvement
  • Standardization
  • Make or buy decision
  • New materials & products
    favorable reciprocal relationships

In Objectives of Material Management are example of ___________

A

secondary

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6
Q
  • Selection of items to be purchased need some basal document
  • Identify the needed items
  • Calculate from the trends in consumption pattern during the last 2-3 years
A
  1. Demand Estimation
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7
Q

In Demand Estimation
* Selection of items to be purchased need some basal document
* Identify the needed items
* Calculate from the trends in consumption pattern during the last_____ years

A

2-3

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8
Q

_____________ – is the method of estimating demand based on time series analysis of past while anticipating the future

A

Forecasting

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9
Q

_______________ - Process of acquiring supplies

A

Procurement

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10
Q
  • Three sources:
    o Purchase
    o Donations
    o Manufacturing

Are the Three sources of what ______________?

A
  1. Procurement
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11
Q

o Acquire needed supplies as inexpensive as possible
o Obtain supplies of high quality
o Assure prompt, dependable delivery
o Distribute the procurement workload to avoid period of idleness and overwork
o Optimize inventory management and the procurement procedures

Are objective of well _________________________

A

procurement system

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12
Q

Public bidding, resulting in low prices.

A

Open Tender

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13
Q

o from limited suppliers (about10)
o Lead-time is reduced
o better quality

A

Restricted or Limited Tender:

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14
Q

o Buyer approaches selected potential suppliers and bargain directly
o Used in long time supply contracts

A

Negotiated Procurement

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15
Q

o Purchased from single supplier, at his quoted price
o Price may be high
o Reserved for propriety materials, or low priced, small quantity and emergency purchases

A

Direct Procurement

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16
Q

*_________ must be of adequate space
*__________ must be stored in an appropriate place in a correct way
* Group-wise and alphabetical arrangement helps in ___________ and ____________
* First-in, First-out principle to be followed
* Monitor expiry date
* Combustible and non-combustible materials should be kept separate
* Rodent free

A

Storage
Materials
identification and retrieval

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17
Q
  • __________________ – stock of each item is physically separated into two bins (working bin and reserve bin)

o When working bin is empty, the storekeeper changes to the second bin and is alerted that new supplies are needed

A

Two-Bin System

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18
Q

______________ is the analysis of the store items cost criteria

A

ABC analysis

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19
Q
  • It divides inventory into 3 categories, A, B & C based on their annual consumption
  • _____________ has universal application for fields requiring selective control
  • It helps number of items, it rationalizes the number of orders, number of items & reduce the inventory
A

ABC Analysis

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20
Q

_____________ Must have:
* Tight control
* Rigid estimate of requirements
* Strict & closer watch
* Low safety stocks
* Managed by top management

A

“A” items

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21
Q

_________ represent the high-cost center

  • Small in number, but consume large amount of resource
  • About 10% of items consume 70% of resources
A

A items

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22
Q
  • __________’ represent the immediate cost center
  • About 20% of items consume 20% of resources
A

“B” items

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23
Q

_____________ Must have:
* Moderate control
* Purchase based on rigid requirements
* Reasonably strict watch & control
* Moderate safety stocks
* Managed by middle level management

A

“B” items

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24
Q

___________
* Items represent the low-cost
center

  • Larger in number but consume
    lesser amount of resources
  • About 70% of items consume
    10% of resources
A

“C” items

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25
Q

__________ Must have:
* Ordinary control measures
* Purchase based on usage estimates
* High safety stocks
* ABC analysis does not stress on items that those are less costly but may be vital

A

“C” items

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26
Q

__________________
* Issue should be made after receiving written indents

A

Issue and Use

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27
Q
  • _____________________
    o To provide maximum supply service, consistent with maximum efficiency and optimum investment
A

Inventory Control

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28
Q

To provide cushion between forecasted and actual demand for a material

A

Inventory Control

29
Q

Is a scientific system which indicates as to what to order, when to order, and how much to order and how much to stock, so that purchasing costs and story costs are kept as low as possible

A

Inventory Control

30
Q
  • Points to be noted before purchase of an equipment:

o Latest technology
o Availability of maintenance and
repair facility with minimum
downtime
o Post warranty repair at
reasonable cost
o Upgradeability
o Reputed manufacturer
o Availability of consumables
o Low operating costs

  • Purchase with warranty
  • All equipment must be
    operated as per instructions
    with trained staff
A

Equipment Management

31
Q
  • the action or process of throwing away or getting rid of something.
  • Minimum criteria to be followed for condemnation:

o non-functional and beyond economical repair
o non-functional and obsolete
o functional but obsolete
o functional but hazardous
o functional but no longer required

A
  1. Condemnation and Disposal
32
Q

A _______________________ should be constituted for assessing whether or not an equipment should be condemned and disposed of based on the history sheet & recommendations of the user department

A

condemnation committee

33
Q

what is the meaning of (MRP)

A

Material Planning Requirement

34
Q
  • It is a system for calculating the materials and components needed to manufacture a product. It consists of three primary steps: taking inventory of the materials and components on hand, identifying which additional ones are needed and then scheduling their production or purchase.
  • Is a computer-based inventory management system designed to improve productivity for businesses. Companies use MRP systems to estimate quantities of raw materials and schedule their deliveries
  • ______ is designed to answer three questions: What is needed? When is needed? How much is needed
A

Material Planning Requirement (MRP)

35
Q

– the primary objective of MRP is to make sure that materials and components are available when needed in the production process and that manufacturing takes place on schedule. Additional benefits are:
* Reduced customer lead time to improve satisfaction
* Reduced inventory costs
* Effective inventory management and optimization by acquiring or manufacturing the optimal amount and type of inventory, companies can minimize the risk of stock-outs, and their negative impact on customer satisfaction, sales and revenue, without spending more than necessary on inventory; and
* improved manufacturing efficiency by using accurate production planning and scheduling to optimize the use of labor and equipment

A

benefits of MRP

36
Q
  • Increased inventory costs: While MRP is designed to ensure adequate inventory at the required times, companies can be tempted to hold more inventory than is necessary, thereby driving up inventory costs. An MRP system anticipates shortages sooner, which can lead to overestimating inventory lot sizes and lead times, especially in the early days of deployment before users gain the experience to know the actual amounts needed.
  • Lack of flexibility: MRP is also somewhat rigid and simplistic in how it accounts for lead times or details that affect the master production schedule, such as the efficiency of factory workers or issues that can delay delivery of materials.
  • Data integrity requirements: MRP is highly dependent on having accurate information about key inputs, especially demand, inventory and production. If one or two inputs are inaccurate, errors can be magnified at later stages. Data integrity and data management are thus essential to effective use of MRP systems.

ADVANTAGE OR DISADVANTAGES OF MRP?

A

Disadvantages of MRP

37
Q

_______information, new ideas, expertise and customer feedback

A

feedback

38
Q

_______ materials, components, labour, research and development.

A

input

39
Q

___________ production lines, assembly lines, management and skills.

A

processing

40
Q

__________ end product, customer satisfaction, and employee satisfaction.

A

output

41
Q
  • MRP works __________ from a production plan for ________________, which is converted into a list of requirements for the subassemblies, component parts, and raw materials that are needed to produce the final product within the established schedule.
A

backward
finished goods.

42
Q

changes
order release
planned order schedules.

are examples of ____________

A

primary reports

43
Q
  • primary reports exception report
  • planning reports
  • performance control report

are examples of ___________

A

secondary reports

44
Q

what is the meaning of (BOM)

A

Bill of Materials

45
Q
  • A _______________C(BOM) is a comprehensive inventory of the raw materials, assemblies, subassemblies, parts and components, as well as the quantities of each, needed to manufacture a product.
A

bill of materials

46
Q
  • It is the complete list of all the items that are required to build a product. A BOM is sometimes also referred to as a product structure, assembly component list or production recipe (in process manufacturing industries).
A

Bill of Materials (BOM)

47
Q
  • Take, for example, a bicycle manufacturer that wants to build 1,000 bicycles. A bill of materials for a bicycle will include all the parts that make up the bicycle such as seats, frames, brakes, handlebars, wheels, tires, chains, pedals and cranksets, including the quantities required of each component and their cost.
A

Bill of Materials (BOM)

48
Q

A well-defined _____ helps companies:
* Plan purchases of raw materials
* Estimate material costs
* Gain inventory control
* Track and plan material requirements
* Maintain accurate records
* Ensure supply robustness and reduce waste

A

BOM

48
Q

Typically, a BOM is hierarchical in nature, with the finished product at the top. It includes product codes, part descriptions, quantities, costs and additional specifications.

A

BOM Structure

48
Q
  1. _______________________ - which is a relatively simple list for a product. In this type, each assembly or subassembly is shown only once, with the corresponding quantity required of each to make the product. Though easy to develop, this type of BOM is unsuitable for complex products because it does not specify the relationship between parent and child parts or between assemblies and subassemblies. If the product fails, a single-level BOM makes it difficult to determine which part needs to be replaced or repaired.
A

Single-level bill of material

49
Q

____________________________
this BOM represents a single level of materials used for building a product.

finished product.
-wheelbarrow

subassemblies
-wheel
-legs
-handles
-bucket/tray

A

single-level bill of materials

50
Q
  1. ____________________ - which takes more work to create but offers greater details and specificity on the parent and child parts in the product. In a multilevel BOM, the total material required is shown. Additionally, the product structure is indented to show the relationship between the parent and child product, as well as assemblies and subassemblies.
A

Multilevel bill of materials

51
Q

_____________________________________this BOM represents the multiple components used in building a product.

finished product:
-wheelbarrow

subassemblies:
-wheel
-legs
-handles
-bucket/tray

components:
-axle
-spacer
-axle brackets
-leg brace
-2-inch bots
-wheel guard
-spacers
-3-inch bolts
-5-inch bolts

A

Multilevel bill of materials

52
Q
  1. __________________________. A manufacturing BOM (MBOM) includes a structured list of all the items or subassemblies required to make a manufactured, shippable finished product. An MBOM, in addition to the information on individual parts, also includes information on the parts that require processing prior to assembly and explains how various components relate to one another in a product. The information in the MBOM is then shared with all the integrated business systems involved in ordering and building the product, including enterprise resource planning (ERP), material requirements planning (MRP) and, in some cases, a manufacturing execution system (MES).
A

Manufacturing bill of materials

53
Q

2._________________________. An engineering BOM (EBOM) defines assemblies or parts as designed by the engineering department. Showing the component structure from a functional perspective, an EBOM, for example, will consist of a mechanical or technical drawing of a product. An EBOM is typically developed by engineers using computer-aided design (CAD) or electronic design automation (EDA) tools, and it is common to have more than one EBOM for a product as the design undergoes a series of revisions.

A

Engineering bill of materials

54
Q

3___________________________. A sales BOM (SBOM) defines a product in the sales stage, meaning details of the product prior to assembly. In an SBOM, the list of finished products and the components required to develop it appear separately in the sales order document. Here, the finished product is managed as a sales item instead of an inventory item.

A

Sales bill of materials

55
Q
  • A _____ serves as the foundation of production planning systems, and the information in it provides the basic data for other business processes, such as manufacturing resource planning, product costing, material provision for production and plant maintenance.
  • Since the_____ combines all possible information that goes into building a final product, it finds wide use in departments beyond manufacturing, such as engineering, design, sales, material management and plant management.
A

BOM

56
Q

Ergonomics
* Derived from Greek words ________ meaning ‘work’ and ‘nomos’ meaning ‘laws’ – “laws of work”

A

‘ergo’

57
Q

________________
* Derived from Greek words ‘ergo’ meaning ‘work’ and ‘nomos’ meaning ‘laws’ –“laws of work”
* Scientific study of human work
* “Designing the job to fit worker, not forcing the worker to fit the job”
* Science that deals with designing and arranging things so that people can use them easily and safely

A

Ergonomics

58
Q
  • ______________ is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance.
A

Ergonomics

59
Q

____________________– is the human body’s responses to physical and physiological workloads. Repetitive strain injuries from repetition, vibration, force, and posture fall into this category.

A

Physical ergonomic

60
Q

___________________– deals with the mental processes and capacities of humans when at work. Metal strain from workload, decision making, human error, and training fall into this category

A

Cognitive ergonomics

61
Q

______________________ – deals with the organizational structures, policies and processes in the work environment, such as shift work, scheduling, job satisfaction, motivation supervision, teamwork, telecommuting, and ethics.

A

Organizational ergonomics

62
Q

____________________________________________ Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD’s) – exposure driven
* injury to soft tissue caused by prolonged exposure to multiple ergonomic risk factors
* typically develop in small body segments. (ex. Finger, wrist, elbows etc.)

A

Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD’s

62
Q

what is the meaning of (CTD’s)

A

Cumulative Trauma Disorders

63
Q
  • inflammation of tendon or tendon sheathing caused by repeated rubbing against ligaments, bone, etc.
  • lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)
A

Tendon disorders:

64
Q
  • compression of nerves from repeated or sustained exposure to sharp edges, bones, ligaments and or tendons
  • carpal tunnel syndrome
A

nerve disorders

65
Q
  • compression of blood vessels or nerves from repeated exposure to vibration or cold temperatures
  • Raynaud’s phenomenon (white finger syndrome)
A

Neurovascular disorders

66
Q
  • Injury to connective tissue caused by single forceful event: lifting heavy objects in awkward position
  • Common to large body segments
  • Risk of injury increases with the presence of multiple risk factors
A

Strains & Sprains

BMGT 25 (3 decks)

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