Chapter 3: Biological Psychology Flashcards
what is the basic structure of a NEURON?
every neuron consists of dendrites, a cell body, an axon, and terminals used for synapse
what are NEURONS?
nerve cells
describe the process of ACTION POTENTIAL?
fast wave of chemical signal sent down the neuron when it get depolarized
-think about a dam
3 types of NEUROTRANSMITTERS?
ACCEPTABLE ANSWERS:
-serotonin: mood
-dopamine: movement
-acetylcoline: memory
-norepinephrine: mood and sleep
-glutamate: memory
-endorphins: pain
-gaba: sleep and movement
-nitric oxide: memory
ORGANIZATION of the BRAIN:
hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain
parts and functions of HINDBRAIN?
medulla: breathing and vital functions
cerebellum: balance and coordinating motor movements
reticular formation: arousal and attention process
parts and functions of MIDBRAIN?
striatum: automatic responses (reflexes) from behavior
parts and functions of below the cortex of FOREBRAIN?
thalamus: relay station for external senses & pain
hypothalamus: regulates drives (feeding, fleeing, fight, and sex)
amygdala: emotional processing (fear and PTSD)
hippocampus: memory formation
name lobes of the CORTEX?
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
a person gets into a car accident and loses their function of balance. what structure of the brain is injured?
cerebellum
smaller hippocampal volumes are associated with…
Alzheimer’s disease
the reticular formation is responsible for what?
alert and attention processing
the striatum is responisible for…
your automatic responses for behavior
(think reflexes)
what body part has the largest amount of allocation of brain matter within the somatosensory cortext?
fingers
the amygdala is responsible for…
emotional processing
Broca’s area is…
a part of the frontal cortex that if damaged, can affect language interpretation where one is unable to process complex sentences (within the left frontal lobe)
if a neuron receives damage to its dendrites, the neuron can not…
receive signals from other neurons
what is the purpose of the CORPUS CALLOSUM?
connects the left and right regions of the brain for them to communicate with each other
serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate…
mood (think depression)
what is an example of a neurotransmitter that correlates with pain?
endorphins
spends the energy from your body
sympathetic nervous system
preserves the energy from your body
parasympathetic nervous system
myelin
substances that surrounds neurons that help speed up action potiental
