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Chemistry > Chapter 3 Atoms > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Atoms Flashcards

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1
Q

Location of the neutron

A

Inside the nucleus

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2
Q

Location of the electron

A

Outside the nucleus

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3
Q

Charge of the proton

A

Positive (+)

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4
Q

Charge of a neutron

A

Neutral

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5
Q

Location of the proton

A

In the nucleus

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6
Q

Charge of an electron

A

Negative (-)

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7
Q

Mass of a proton

A

1 amu

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8
Q

Mass of a neutron

A

1 amu

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9
Q

Mass of an electron

A

O amu or 1/2000

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10
Q

What are the main points of dalton so atomic theory

A
  • Atoms cannot be created or destroyed
  • all matter is made up of tiny indivisible particles
  • atoms of a given compound always has the same number of atoms (ratios 1:1)
  • atoms of a given element are identical to each other but different than those of another element
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11
Q

What is a cathode ray tube

A

Vacuum tube with electrons that can can be connected with electricity to shoot out electrons

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12
Q

Who experimented with the cathode ray tubes and discovered electrons

A

J.J Thomson

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13
Q

What did scientist discover about electrons?

A

J.J. Thomson discovered electrons were much smaller than an atom and were negatively charged

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14
Q

Describe rutherfords gold foil experiment

A
  • put radioactive material in a lead box
  • made a whole in one side of the box so alpha particles could only go out on side
  • aimed it at the gold foil
  • most particles went through the gold foil but 1/8000 were deflected back
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15
Q

2 main points of the gold foil experiment

A
  • Most of atom was empty space

- most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in a small positively charged area called the nucleus

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16
Q

What is an ion

A

Charged particle

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17
Q

What is an isotope

A

Atoms of the same element with different masses

-different amount of neutrons

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18
Q

Solve.
59 1 __
Co + n ———> __
27 0 __

A

59 1 60
Co + n ———> Co
27 0 27

19
Q

Solve.
1 235 140 __ 1
n + U ——–> Ba + ____ + 3 n
0 92 56 __ 0

A

93
Kr
36

20
Q

Why are isotopes unstable

A
  • Don’t have a 1:1 ratio

- wrong number of neutrons

21
Q

How do isotopes become stable

A

Radioactive decay

22
Q

What is the composition of an alpha particle

A

2 protons

2 neutrons

23
Q

What is the composition of a beta particle

A

Electrons

24
Q

What is the composition of a gamma particle

A

Energy

25
Q

What is the charge of an alpha

A

+2

26
Q

What is the charge of a beta particle

A

-

Negative 1

27
Q

What is the charge of a gamma particle

A

0

28
Q

What is the mass of a alpha particle

A

4

29
Q

What is the mass of a beta particle

A

0

30
Q

What is the mass of a gamma particle

A

0

31
Q

What is the nuclear symbol of an alpha particle

A

4
He
2

32
Q

What is the nuclear symbol of a beta particle

A

0
e
-1

33
Q

What is the nuclear symbol of a gamma particle

A

0
(Upside down ribbon)
0

34
Q

Who first proposed that matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles

A

Democritus

35
Q

Which scientist developed the atomic theory of matter

A

Dalton

36
Q 
What will a positive charge do 
A. Attract another positive charge 
B. Repel another positive charge
C. Repel a negative charge
D. Neither act or repel
A

Repel a positive charge

37
Q

Who discover led electrons

A

Thomson

38
Q

Isotopes contain different numbers of what

A

Neutrons

39
Q

T or F

Radioactivity results in changed from Ana toms nucleus

A

True

40
Q

T or F

The force that holds particles together is called electrical force

A

False

41
Q

T or F

The number of protons is the atomic mass

A

False

Protons are the atomic number

42
Q

T or F

An atoms mass number is protons and neutrons

A

True

43
Q

Why is a nucleus with too few neutrons unstable

A

You have to have at LEAST as many neutrons and protons

Chemistry (3 decks)

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