CHAPTER 3: ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 1

● the study of humanity through the application of biology, cultural studies, archaeology, linguistics, and
other social sciences.

Answer 1

ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 2

● A basic tenet of anthropology is that culture should be perceived in a vast context to comprehend the
interconnectedness and interdependence of humans. This perspective would allow people to
understand, appreciate and respect different cultures.

Answer 2

Anthropological Perspectives

Question 3

The Universals and Variety:

Answer 3

Hallmarks of Anthropology

Question 4

➔ are likewise mindful that any general theory of humanity must at the same time account
for the variety.
➔ They are concerned with human universals as well as human variety

Answer 4

Anthropologists

Question 5

emerge from the field of social relation involving humans, animals, things and places. Different societies
have different concepts of the person

Answer 5

Person

Question 6

Persons are constituted, deconstituted, maintained and altered in social practices through life and after
death.

Answer 6

Personhood

Question 7

is the integrated system of learned patterns of behavior, ideas and products characteristic of society. A
person’s culture influences his/her physical being.

Answer 7

Culture

Question 8

TWO CONTRASTING MODELS OF THE SELF:

Answer 8

EGOCENTRIC AND SOCIOCENTRIC

Question 9

➔ Larger cultural context of complex interpersonal relations
➔ Is the natural tendency to view everything within the world in relation to one’s group and so be
group-centered.

Answer 9

Sociocentrism

Question 10

➔ Identity is always in part unique and internal to an individual.
➔ Is the “natural tendency to view everything within the world in relation to oneself”

Answer 10

Egocentrism

Question 11

➢ -focuses on one’s social group; socially-oriented

➢ - focuses on individual Self

Answer 11

Sociocentric View of Self
Egocentric Views of Self

Question 12

lives by maxim “be true to yourself” at the expense of being unpopular with the
group.

Answer 12

egocentric person

Question 13

abides by the group and so is highly accepted by and is popular in the group

Answer 13

sociocentric person

Question 14

➔ Is the idea that a person’s beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person’s
own culture, rather than be judged against the criteria of another

Answer 14

Cultural Relativism

Question 15

➔ Is the belief that one’s culture is superior to that of others.
➔ thinking your own culture is better that another culture

Answer 15

Ethnocentrism

Question 16

➔ Is the thinking that others’ culture is superior to one’s culture
➔ Glorifying other cultures more than your local or ethnic one

Answer 16

Xenocentrism