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Science 7th Grade Ch 3 All Sections > Chapter 3 All Sections > Flashcards

Chapter 3 All Sections Flashcards

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1
Q

A humid air mass that forms over oceans

A

Maritime

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2
Q

Cut off as the warm air mass at an ________ front is cut off from the ground by the cooler air beneath it

A

Occluded

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3
Q

A warm air mass that forms in the tropics and has low air pressure.

A

Tropical

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4
Q

A dry air mass that forms over land

A

continental

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5
Q

A swirling center of low air pressure

A

Cyclone

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6
Q

A high pressure center of dry air

A

Anticlyclone

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7
Q

A cold air mass that forms north of 30 degrees north latitude or south of 50 degrees south latitude and has high air pressure

A

Polar

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8
Q

The area where air masses meet and do not mix

A

Front

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9
Q

How long does it take for air masses to form?

A

About a week

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10
Q

A warm moist air mass develops at this location.

A

Southeast US - like Florida area

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11
Q

A dry cold air mass develops in this location

A

Northern canada

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12
Q

A dry hot air mass develops in this location

A

Southern Texas and Mexico area

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13
Q

A cold moist air mass develops in this location

A

Off the coast of Southwest Canada and Northwest USA

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14
Q

Scientists classify air masses according to _____ and _____.

A

Temperature and Humidity

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15
Q

True or False:

Polar air masses have low air pressure

A

False

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16
Q

Describe the Characteristics:

Maritime Tropical

A

Warm and Humid

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17
Q

Describe the Characteristics:

Maritime polar

A

Cool and humid

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18
Q

Describe the Characteristics:

Continental Tropical

A

Warm and Dry

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19
Q

Describe the Characteristics:

Continental Polar

A

Cool and Dry

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20
Q

A swirling center of low air pressure is called a _____.

A

cyclone

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21
Q

True or False:

Winds spiral inward toward the center of a cyclone.

A

True

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22
Q

What type of weather is associated with cyclones?

A

Storms and Precipitation

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23
Q

True or False:

Winds in an anticyclone spin clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.

A

True

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24
Q

What heats up faster and cools off faster?

A

Land

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25
Q

What heats up slower and cools off slower?

A

Oceans

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26
Q

This type of air mass is warmer and near the equator

A

Tropical air mass

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27
Q

This type of air mass is colder and near the poles

A

Polar air mass

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28
Q

The measurement of water vapor (humidity) in the air.

A

Humidity

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29
Q

Cold dry air mass that forms over land

A

Continental/polar air mass

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30
Q

Warm dry air mass that forms over land

A

Continental/Tropical Air Mass

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31
Q

Warm humid air mass that forms over water

A

Maritime/Tropical Air Mass

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32
Q

Cold humid air mass that forms over water

A

Maritime/Polar Air Mass

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33
Q

Instrument used to measure the relative humidity

A

Psychrometer

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34
Q

The prevailing _____ are the maor wind belts in the US.

A

Westerlies

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35
Q

The Prevailing Westerlies push air masses from _____ to _____.

A

west

east

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36
Q

Covers smaller area than other air masses

A

Dry - Continental Tropical Air masses

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37
Q

Hot dry air masses for only in the summer over dry areas of SW USA and Northern Mexico

A

Dry - Continental Tropical

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38
Q

Bring hot dry weather to the south

A

Dry - Continental Tropical

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39
Q

Warm humid air masses from the ocean near tropics

A

Maritime Tropical - Humid

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40
Q

In summer - usually brings hot humid air

A

Maritime Tropical - Humid

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41
Q

Forms over the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic

A

Maritime Tropical - Humid

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42
Q

In winter can bring heavy rain or snow

A

Maritime Tropical - Humid

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43
Q

Forms over central and northern Canada and Alaska

A

Continental Polar - Dry

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44
Q

Brings cool and cold air

A

Continental Polar - Dry

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45
Q

In winter, brings clear cool air and dry air to most of Northern America

A

Continental Polar - Dry

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46
Q

In summer, storms may occur when continental air masses move south and meet maritime tropical that moves north

A

Continental Polar - Dry

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47
Q

Cool humid air mass from icy cold N. Pacific and N. Atlantic

A

Maritime Polar - Humid

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48
Q

Affects the west coast more than the east cost

A

Maritime Polar - Humid

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49
Q

In summer often brings rain fog and cool temps to the w coast

A

Maritime Polar - Humid

50
Q

A violent disturbance in the atmosphere

A

Storm

51
Q

The type of clouds in which thunderstorms form

A

cumulonimbus

52
Q

A sudden energy discharge between parts of a cloud, between nearby clouds, or between a cloud and the ground is called _______.

A

Lightning

53
Q

True or False:

A hurricane forms over water

A

True

54
Q

True or False:

A hurricane is a tropical storm

A

True

55
Q

The quiet center of the hurricane

A

eye

56
Q

True or False:

Hurricanes do not last as long as other storms

A

False

57
Q

True or False:

A “dome” of water that sweeps across the coast where the hurricane lands is called:

A

a storm surge

58
Q

True or False:

If you hear a hurricane warning and are told to evacuate, you should just stay where you are and “shelter in place”.

A

False

59
Q

When does snow fall?

A

When humid air cools below 0 degrees C or 32 degrees F

60
Q

True or False:

Lake effect snow occurs because land cools more rapidly than water.

A

True

61
Q

True or False:

Lake effect snow occurs when humid air rises and cools over land.

A

True

62
Q

A rapidly whirling funnel-shaped cloud

A

Tornado

63
Q

True or False:

Tornadoes develop in the same clouds that produce thunderstorms

A

True

64
Q

Where is the safest place to be during a tornado

A

Basement

65
Q

True or False:

Tornadoes occur often in the Great Plains

A

True

66
Q

Tornadoes occur more often in the United States than in any other country

A

True

67
Q

Which of the following is a way to stay safe in a thunderstorm:

a. Avoid touching metal
b. Get into a pool
c. Don’t use the phone
d. Get out of your car and run around a tree.

A

a and c

68
Q

A huge body of air that has similar temperatures, pressure, and humidity throughout.

A

Air Mass

69
Q

What are the four types of fronts

A

Cold
Warm
Stationary
Occluded

70
Q

Cold air is dense and tends to _____.

A

sink

71
Q

Warm air is less dense and tends to ____.

A

rise

72
Q

When a moving cold air mass runs into a slowly moving warm air mass, the denser cold air ______ under the warmer air.

A

slides

73
Q

True or False:

Warm air can hold more water vapor than cool air

A

True

74
Q

True or false:

Cold fronts move quickly so they can cause weather changes.

A

True

75
Q

True or False:

After a cold front passes, cool, dry air moves in

A

True

76
Q

A moving warm air mass collides with a slowly moving _____ air mass in a warm front.

A

cold

77
Q

If the warm air is humid, showers and light rain might fall along the _____ where the warm and ___ air meet.

A

front

cold

78
Q

If the warm air is dry, scattered ____ may form.

A

Clouds

79
Q

What do winter warm fronts bring?

A

SNOW

80
Q

After a warm front passes through an area, the weather is likely to be warm and ____.

A

humid

81
Q

Where the warm and cold air meet, water vapor in the warm air turns into rain, snow, fog, or clouds.

A

Stationary Front

82
Q

Sometimes cold and warm air masses meet but neither one has enough force to move.

A

Stationary Front

83
Q

A warm air mass is caught between two cooler air masses.

A

Occluded Front

84
Q

As warm air cools and its water vapor condenses, the weather may turn cloudy, rainy, or snow. This is the result of an ______ front.

A

Occluded

85
Q

When air masses meet it is called a _____.

A

Front

86
Q

True or False:

THe kind of front that develops depends on the characteristics of the air masses and how they move.

A

True

87
Q

At commercial airports what do the weather stations located there observe?

a. Temperature
b. Dew Point
c. Cloud Cover
d. Visibility,
e. Height of cloud base
f. Amount of precipitation
g. Wind speed
h. Wind Direction
i. Speed of planes
j. All of the above
k. None of the above
l. a through h

A

l. a through h

88
Q

How often are the measurements made at airport weather stations?

A

Every hour

89
Q

Wind direction is measured where the wind

A

originates

90
Q

True or False:

The stick of the station models points in the direction of where the wind comes from.

A

True

91
Q

The flags on the stick approximate the speed of the wind, a short flag _____knots, a long flag ___ knots, and a triangle is ____ knots.

A

5
10
50

92
Q

A knot equals 1.85 km/hr or _____mph

A

1.2

93
Q

Cloud cover is determined by how much of the visible sky is filled with _____.

A

Clouds

94
Q

Cloud cover is usually estimated in ____.

A

10ths

95
Q

An ______ view is when the observer, for some reason, could not see the sky…. like at night.

A

obstructed

96
Q

Scientists who study the causes of weather and try to predict it are called

A

Meterologists

97
Q

True or False:

Radar is choice of weather information for meteorologists.

A

True

98
Q

True or False:

Instruments carried by balloons is are good choices of weather information for meteorologists.

A

True

99
Q

True or False:

A

Satellites are good choices of weather information for meteorologists.

100
Q

In what two areas have changes in technology occurred in weather forecasting?

A

Gathering weather data and using computers to make forecasts

101
Q

True or False:

Weather forecasts for over 3 days into the future are never reliable.

A

False

102
Q

Weather balloons carry instruments as high as the ______.

A

Stratosphere

103
Q

True or False:
The butterfly effect refers to the fact that a small change in the weather today can mean a larger change in the weather a week later.

A

True

104
Q

Lines on a weather map joining places that have the same temperatures.

A

Isotherms

105
Q

Lines on a weather map joining places that have the same air pressure

A

Isobars

106
Q

Violent disturbance in the atmosphere

A

Storm

107
Q

Type of air mass that forms north of 50 degrees north latitude or south of 50 degrees south latitude.

A

Polar

108
Q

Type of air mass that forms over oceans

A

Maritime

109
Q

True or False:

Floods are the most dangerous weather-related events in the USA

A

True

110
Q

A sudden violent flood that occurs within a few hours or minutes is called a

A

flash flood

111
Q

Flash floods can be caused by __________ or tropical rainstorms, large amounts of ________, _____ jams breaking free.

A

Hurricanes
Water
Ice

112
Q

Floods occur when so much ____ pours into a stream or _____ that it overflows its banks and covers the land on either side of the channel.

A

water

river

113
Q

People who live along certain rivers know that _______ snow and Spring _____ are likely to bring floods.

A

melting

rain

114
Q

_______ floods are the most dangerous.

A

Unexpected

115
Q

________ _________ can help reduce flood damage and loss of life

A

Advance Warnings

116
Q

_____ satellites supply information about snow cover so that _____ can estimate how much water will run into rivers when the snow melts.

A

Weather

Scientists

117
Q

Radar and river gauges help _________ predict flood heights at different points

A

forecasters

118
Q

Announcement describing the area in which flooding is possible

A

Flood Watch

119
Q

Announcement that floods have already been reported or are about to occur

A

Flood warning

120
Q

When danger becomes too great in a flood or water rises too high, people are usually ______.

A

Evacuated

121
Q

First rule of flood safety: Move to higher ground and stay away from ______ _______.

A

flood waters

122
Q

Warm water weather event

A

El Nino

Science 7th Grade Ch 3 All Sections (1 decks)

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