Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is the human body composed of?
organs,tissues,cells,organelles,moelcules,and atos.
Cytology
Study of cellular structure and function
Importance
I.D.s normal and abnormal cells
Zygote
cell reulting of the union of a sperm and egg.
Fertilization
Union of male sperm and female egg
Cell (sell)
basic unit of life, smallest unit capable to exist independently.,
atom (AT-om)
; Greek (indivisible)
A small unit of matter
Blastocyte (BLAS-toe-sist)
root : blast/o immature cell
Sffx : -cyst ,sac,bladder
1st two weeks of an
Cellular (SELL-you-lar)
Sffx : -ar pertaining to
Root : cellul small cell
Organ (OR-gan)
Structure with speciffic functions inabody system
Tissue(TISH-you)
Collection of similar cells
molecules (MOLL=eh-kyul)
Small particle made of two or more atoms
oocyte (OH–oh-site)
female egg
What are the basic functions of life?
manufacture,production,communication,replication of DNA, and reproduction.
What is the cell membrane composed of?
proteinsand lipids thatallow water, oxygen, glucose,electrolytes,steroids,and alchohol to pass through it
Cytoplasm (SIGH- toh- plazm)
Clear gelatinous substance that forms the substance ofacell except the nucleous
Mitochondria (my-toe-KON-dree-on)
Organelle that generates, stores, and releases energy for cell activities.
Nucleolus (nyu-KLEE-oh-lus)
Small mass inside the nucleus
Protein (PRO-teen)
S/ -in substance/ chemical compound
R/CF prot/e -first
Class of food substances based on amino acid
Chromatin (KROH-ma-tin)
Substance made of DNA that forms chromosomes during cell division
Chromosome(KROH-moh-sohm)
Body in the nucleus contains DNA and genes
Synthesis (SIN - the - sis)
the process of building a compound fromdifferent elenemts.
Inracellular (in-trah-SELL-you-lar)
S/ - ar pertaining to
P/ -intra within
R/ -cellul small cell
within the cell
membrane (MEM-brain)
Parchment ( thinayerof tissue coveringanstructure orcavity
membranous(MEM-brah-nus)
plural for membrane
metabolism (meh-TAB-oh-lizm)
S/ -ism condition
R/ metabol-change
Constantly changing physical and chemical processes occuring in the cell
Anabolism
constructive metabolism the buildup from simple substancestocomplex substances needed in the cell.
Catabolism (kah-TAB-oh-lizm)
S/ -ism condition
R/ catabol= break down
destructive metabolsim the breakdown of complex substances to release energy.
Lysosome (LIE-soh-sohm)
Ensyme that digests foreign material and worn out cell compnents
carbohydrate (kar-boh-HIGH-drate)
S/ -atecomposed of/ pertaining to
R/CF carb/o carbon
R/ -hydr- water
Group of organic food compounds including sugars,starch,glycogen, and cellulose
Mitochondrion (my-toe-KON-dree-on)
Mitochondria (pl) (my-toe-KON-dree-ah)
S/ -ion action/condition
R/CF mit/o -thread
R/ -chondr- cartilidge, rib granule
