Chapter 3

Question 1

Raw score

Answer 1

number of items missed from the number of items presented on test

Question 2

norm-referenced

Answer 2

pre-defined population: all test takers must fit this criteria (i.e., same age group/same content)

Question 3

nominal scales

Answer 3

used for identification purposes such as a Student ID # (no actual numerical value)

Question 4

interval scale

Answer 4

quantitative measurement scale where the difference between 2 variables is meaningful.

Question 5

ratio scale

Answer 5

when numbers on a scale are equal distance from one another, having a true value of absolute zero.

Question 6

derived scores

Answer 6

percentile ranks, standard scores, grade equivalents, age equivalents or language quotients.

Question 7

descriptive statistics

Answer 7

Large, organized sets of data that help educators understand and describe data.

Question 8

measures of central tendency

Answer 8

methods to determine how scores cluster

Question 9

normal distribution

Answer 9

hypothetically represents how test scores would fall if people of the same age / grade level took the same test.

Question 10

frequency distribution

Answer 10

How often each score occurred (aka mode)

Question 11

bimodal distribution

Answer 11

sets of data with 2 modes

Question 12

multimodal distribution

Answer 12

sets of data with 3 or more modes

Question 13

frequency polygon

Answer 13

graph with test scores on the horizontal axis and number of frequencies on vertical axis

Question 14

standard deviation

Answer 14

one determined typical unit

Question 15

variability

Answer 15

differences in scores

Question 16

measures of dispersion

Answer 16

calculates how scores are spread from the mean

Question 17

skewed

Answer 17

scores not being distributed into a normal curve

Question 18

stanines

Answer 18

divide scores into 9 group: 5 being the mean

Question 19

deciles

Answer 19

scores reported into 10 groups: each group represents 10% of obtained scores 10-100%