Chapter 3 Flashcards
Mass
- Most important service in the Roman Church
- Evolved from the commemorations of the Last Supper of Jesus with his disciples (now represented by Communion)
Mass: Introduction
- (Proper) Introit (psalm): sung by choirs as the priest and his assistants walk to the altar
- (Ordinary) Kyrie: symbolism of three (Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit); sung by choir
- (Ordinary) (Sundays and Feast Days) Gloria: formula of praise to God; begs for mercy
- (Proper) Collect (collective prayer)
Mass: Readings and Psalms
- (Proper) Epistle: Bible readings and church teachings
- (Proper) Gradual (based on psalm texts): elaborate chant sung by a soloist or soloists with responses from the choir
- (Proper) Alleluia/Tract (based on psalm texts): similar to Gradual; praises God (replaced by solemn Tract during Lent)
* Gradual and Alleluia are the musical high-points of the service - (Proper) Sequence (during major feasts)
- (Proper) Gospel
- (Proper) Sermon (optional)
- (Ordinary) Credo: statement of faith summarizing church doctrine and telling Jesus’ story
Mass: Prayers and Communion
- (Proper) Offertory: sung by choir; florid chant on a psalm
- (Ordinary) Prayers
- (Proper) Secret (read in silence by the priest)
- (Proper) Preface: dialogue between priest and choir
- (Ordinary) Sanctus (holy, holy, holy): angelic chorus of praise from the vision of Isiah
- (Ordinary) Canon: core of mass; spoken by priest; consecration of bread and wine
- (Ordinary) Pater noster (Lord’s Prayer): sung by priest
- (Ordinary) Angus Dei (Lamb of God): sung by choir
- (Proper) Communion: sung by choir; based on psalm
- (Proper) Postcommunion: intoned prayer given by priest
- (Ordinary) Ite, missa est (Go, it is ended)
Proper
Changes from day to day, particularly on holidays
Ordinary
Do not change; melodies may vary
Responsorial
Soloist and choir take turns
Antiphonal
Two groups or halves of the choir alternate parts
Direct
Entire choir sings
Syllabic
One note per syllable
Neumatic
One to six neums per syllable
Melismatic
Long melodic passages on a single syllable
Office
One of eight daily prayers; mostly used at monasteries and convents
Recitation Formulas
Simple melodies that work for many different texts; used mostly in the Mass and Office
Cantor
Leader of the choir; typically sets up antiphon up to the asterisk, at which point the choir will join
Trope
Expands upon existing melody by adding text, adding music, or changing the text
Sequence
After Alleluia; special music
Hildegard d’Bingen
Wrote music for the convent; composed Ordo Virtutum (The Virtues)
Psalmody
The singing of psalms; typically accompanied action (Introit and Communion)
Jubilus
Final syllable of Alleluia; melismatic, as to express great joy
Liturgical Drama
Dialogue and dramatic action added to a chant; “plays”
Missal
Book containing texts for mass
Gradual
Book containing chants for Mass
Breviary
Book containing texts for Office
