Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is the APGAR test
Appearance Pulse - 100bpm Grimace - cry Activity Respiration - strong cry
Name four important reflexes and describe them
Babinski reflex - stroke under foot and it moves
Grasp reflex - if you out your hand in their Palm they grasp it
Moro reflex - gets a fright if you startle it
Rooting reflex - stroke its cheek and it starts sucking it
Step reflex - dances when feet touch the ground
Sucking reflex - finger in its mouth - starts sucking it
How often does a neonate sleep a day and what does its sleep consist of
Sleeps 17-20 hours a day with cycles of 45 min - 2 hours
REM sleep for 50%
And NREM for the rest
Name four benefits of breast feeding
Has antibodies Easily digested Less weight gained Practical Babies accept solid food easier Stimulates brain growth
What are the three ways in which NEONATES learn
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Imitation
What are the two components of infants physical development
Motor and perceptual development
What are the four components of cognitive development
Sensorimotor
Memory
Language
Info-processing
What are the six sensorimotor stages
Reflexes
Primary circular reactions (coordination)
Secondary circular reactions (interest in manipulation)
Coordination of circular reactions (purposeful behaviour)
Tertiary circular reactions (new methods of meeting challenges)
Mental representation (creativity beginning)
What is deferred imitation
Ability to copy behaviour even after they have been exposed to it
What are the components of the info processing theory
Cognitive development has an input, memory, programmes, calculations and output
What is dis/habituation
Habituation = babies exposed to the same stimulus lose interest in it
Dishabituation = new stimulus appears and they show interest in it
What are the five goes of memory
Episodic Semantic Procedural Implicit (not aware) Explicit
Name three techniques to test memory
Operant conditioning
Visual comparison task
Elicited imitation task
What are the two types of language
Receptive and productive
What are the phases of pre linguistic speech
Undifferentiated crying. Birth - 1 month Differentiated crying. 2 months Cooing and babbling 2 and 5 months Lallation - 7-8 months Echolalia - 9 months Single word sentences - 1 year Full sentences - 2 years
What are the four theories of infant language development
Learning theory
Social pragmatism
Nativist approach
Integrated approach
Define personality
The unique and relatively consistent way in which an individual feels thinks and behaves
Name the big 5 in personality development
Conscientiousness Agreeableness Neuroticism Openness Extraversion
What does the personality development of an infant consist of
Emotions
Temperament
Self concept
What are the perspectives of personality development
(Pebil) Psychoanalytic perspective (parents) Ethological perspective (survival) Biological perspective Integrated Perspective Learning perspective
What are the three explanations for emotions
Biological based Cognitive socialization (cognitive processors = mediator) Contextual explanation (social interaction)
What are the four types of emotions
Basic
Self conscious
Self evaluative
Emotions involving others
What is social referencing
Babies actively seeking dis/approval
Explain regulation of emotions
First, the baby uses self regulation, then it interacts with its mother, then it develops self regulating strategies during toddler years
It is influences by cerebral cortex and aptitude of their caregivers
